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WGU D333 Ethics in Technology - LAWS
WGU D333 Ethics in Technology - LAWS
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WGU D333 Ethics in Technology - LAWSAn agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires member governments to ensure
that intellectual property rights can be enforced under their laws and that penalties for
infringement are tough enough to deter further violations. - ANS-Agreement on Trade-Related
Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
Included strong privacy provisions for EHRs, including banning the sale of health information,
promoting the use of audit trails and encryption, and providing rights of access for patients. It
also mandated that each individual whose health information has been exposed be notified
within 60 days after the discovery of a data breach. - ANS-American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act
Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic lawsuit against public participation
(SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by corporations, government officials, and others against
citizens and community groups who oppose them on matters of concern). - ANS-anti-SLAPP
laws
An act signed into law in 1998 with the aim of prohibiting the making of harmful material
available to minors via the Internet; the law was ultimately ruled largely unconstitutional. -
ANS-Child Online Protection Act (COPA)
An act passed in 2000; it required federally financed schools and libraries to use some form of
technological protection (such as an Internet filter) to block computer access to obscene
material, pornography, and anything else considered harmful to minors. - ANS-Children's
Internet Protection Act (CIPA)
Requires websites that cater to children to offer comprehensive privacy policies, notify parents
or guardians about their data collection practices, and receive parental consent before collecting
any personal information from children under the age of 13. - ANS-Children's Online Privacy
Protection Act (COPPA)
An act passed in 1994 that amended the Wiretap Act and Electronic Communications Privacy
Act, which required the telecommunications industry to build tools into its products that federal
investigators could use—after obtaining a court order—to eavesdrop on conversations and
intercept electronic communications. - ANS-Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement
Act (CALEA)
Title V of the Telecommunications Act, it aimed at protecting children from pornography,
including imposing $250,000 fines and prison terms of up to two years for the transmission of
"indecent" material over the Internet. - ANS-Communications Decency Act (CDA)
, A law that specifies that it is legal to spam, provided the messages meet a few basic
requirements—spammers cannot disguise their identity by using a false return address, the
email must include a label specifying that it is an ad or a solicitation, and the email must include
a way for recipients to indicate that they do not want future mass mailings. - ANS-Controlling the
Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM)
An act passed in 2016 that amended the Economic Espionage Act to create a federal civil
remedy for trade secret misappropriation. - ANS-Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016
Signed into law in 1998, the act addresses a number of copyright-related issues, with Title II of
the act providing limitations on the liability of an Internet service provider for copyright
infringement. - ANS-Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
An act passed in 1996 to help law enforcement agencies pursue economic espionage. It
imposes penalties of up to $10 million and 15 years in prison for the theft of trade secrets. -
ANS-Economic Espionage Act (EEA) of 1996
An act that deals with the protection of three main issues: (1) the protection of communications
while in transfer from sender to receiver; (2) the protection of communications held in electronic
storage; and (3) the prohibition of devices from recording dialing, routing, addressing, and
signaling information without a search warrant. - ANS-Electronic Communications Privacy Act
(ECPA)
A directive that requires any company doing business within the borders of the countries
comprising the European Union (EU) to implement a set of privacy directives on the fair and
appropriate use of information. - ANS-European Union Data Protection Directive
Allows consumers to request and obtain a free credit report each year from each of the three
consumer credit reporting agencies. - ANS-Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act
Regulates operations of credit reporting bureaus. - ANS-Fair Credit Reporting Act
A legal doctrine that allows portions of copyrighted materials to be used without permission
under certain circumstances. Title 17, section 107, of the U.S. Code established the following
four factors that courts should consider when deciding whether a particular use of copyrighted
property is fair and can be allowed without penalty: (1) the purpose and character of the use
(such as commercial use or nonprofit, educational purposes), (2) the nature of the copyrighted
work, (3) the portion of the copyrighted work used in relation to the work as a whole, and (4) the
effect of the use on the value of the copyrighted work. - ANS-fair use doctrine
A law enacted during the U.S. Civil War to combat fraud by companies that sold supplies to the
Union Army; also known as the Lincoln Law. See also qui tam. - ANS-False Claims Act
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