Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 10 Emotional Development and Attachment
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Chapter 10 Emotional Development and Attachment
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10Student:
1. A feeling or affect that occurs when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him/her,
especially to his or her well-being, is labeled a(n)
A. emotion.
B. mood.
C. reaction.
D. love.
2. Which of the following accounts for our diversity of emotional experiences?
A. evolution
B. culture
C. biology
D. genes
3. East Asian parents encourage their children to be emotionally , whereas Western parents encourage
their children to be emotionally .
A. unstable; stable
B. stable; unstable
C. reserved; expressive
D. expressive; reserved
4. Adam reacts to difficult or negative situations at such a high level that it affects his normal effective
functioning. He has a high level of emotional
A. dismissing.
B. regulation.
C. arousal.
D. coaching.
5. With increasing age, young children’s sources of regulation of emotion shifts from being
A. social to adaptive.
B. adaptive to social.
C. internal to external.
D. external to internal.
6. Although she is upset, Olivia controls her emotions during a heated discussion with a co-worker. Olivia
has a high level of emotional
A. dismissing.
B. coaching.
C. arousal.
D. regulation.
7. Children of emotion-coaching parents are more likely to
A. have poorer emotion regulation.
B. have more difficulty in focusing their attention.
C. have more difficulty regulating negative effects on their own.
D. self-soothe, focus attention, and behave appropriately.
8. Cherilyn's parents often ignore her emotions or try to explain that her problems should not upset her.
Cherilyn's parents can be described as .
A. emotion-coaching.
B. emotion-dismissing.
C. emotion-attending.
D. emotion-scaffolding.
,9. Hannah and Sarah are arguing. Their mother sympathetically helps each girl manage her emotions while
they talk about solutions. This is an example of
A. emotional dismissing.
B. emotional coaching.
C. changing negative emotions.
D. internal emotional regulation.
10. Gayle insists that her daughter is being silly and should not be upset by a friend's insensitive comments.
Gayle is practicing
A. emotion monitoring.
B. emotion coaching.
C. emotion dismissing.
D. emotion labeling.
11. In order to be emotionally competent, one needs
A. to be aware of one’s own and others’ emotional states.
B. to have an empathic and sympathetic sensitivity to others’ emotional experiences.
C. to be able to regulate and reduce the intensity and duration of one’s own negative emotional states.
D. All of these answers are correct.
12. John does not recognize when, or understand why, his wife gets frustrated when he leaves his dirty socks
and other laundry on the bathroom floor. John is lacking
A. self-efficacy.
B. emotional competence.
C. emotion regulation.
D. emotion dismissing.
13. What type of emotions are surprise, interest, joy, anger, sadness, and fear?
A. primary
B. secondary
C. tertiary
D. self-conscious
14. Which type of emotions develops in the first 6 months of life and is also present in animals?
A. self-conscious
B. primary
C. secondary
D. tertiary
15. What type of emotions are empathy, jealousy, and embarrassment?
A. regulating
B. primary
C. self-conscious
D. positive
16. Which type of emotions develops in the second half of the first year through the second year?
A. regulating
B. early
C. self-conscious
D. positive
17. Regarding the appearance and sequence of emotions in infants, which of the following statements is
TRUE?
A. Emotions, such as fear and jealousy, appear in infants at the same time.
B It is complicated and difficult to determine the onset of some emotions, and researchers hold very
. different views and report different findings.
C. Infants experience emotions in the following sequence: joy, pride, sadness, shame, anger, fear.
D. Researchers have reached consensus that jealousy does not emerge until after approximately 18
months of age.
,18. Infant Nathan is smiling and "talking" with short, loud noises. His mother responds each time Nathan
expresses himself by smiling and talking. This interaction is described as
A. emotion regulation.
B. asynchronous.
C. reciprocal
D. emotion coaching.
19. Infant Jay starts with a sudden long, initial loud cry, followed by a long period in which Jay holds his
breath until the next crying sound comes out. This is a(n) cry.
A. pain
B. basic
C. anger
D. hungry
20. Baby Jonah is hungry. He will alert his mother with a(n)
A. basic cry.
B. anger cry.
C. pain cry.
D. social smile.
21. Social smiling occurs as early as of age in response to a caregiver's voice.
A. 4 to 6 weeks
B. 6 to 8 weeks
C. 3 to 4 months
D. 4 to 6 months
22. Three-week-old baby Alex smiles mostly during sleep and not in response to his mother's kind
expressions. These smiles are
A. protested.
B. faked smiles.
C. social.
D. reflexive.
23. Three-month-old Elizabeth smiles whenever her mother smiles at her. Researchers call this a
smile.
A. faked smile
B. social
C. reflexive
D. basic
24. The emotion of fear may appear earlier than normal in some infants due to
A. heredity
B. reciprocal interaction
C. abuse or neglect
D. stranger anxiety
25. The most frequent expression of an infant's fear involves
A. neglect.
B. anger.
C. abuse.
D. stranger anxiety.
26. Fifteen-month-old Teri cries when her mother drops her off at day care. Baby Teri is displaying
A. emotional empathy.
B. reciprocal interaction.
C. stranger anxiety.
D. separation protest.
, 27. Separation protest is initially displayed around months and peaks at about months.
A. 7–8; 12
B. 7–8; 15
C. 3–4; 12
D. 3–4; 15
28. At what age do children start to show fear when a new person enters their environment?
A. at birth
B. by 3 months
C. by 6 months
D. by 9 months
29. Which of the following would MOST likely cause an infant to express fear?
A. stranger anxiety
B. reciprocal interactions
C. unfamiliar objects
D. not being well-fed
30. Jenna cries when her mother leaves her with her babysitter. Jenna is showing
A. anger against the stranger.
B. separation protest.
C. emotion regulation.
D. stranger anxiety.
31. Stranger anxiety is negatively correlated with
A. familiar settings.
B. feelings of insecurity.
C. the age of the mother.
D. unfamiliar settings.
32. Stranger anxiety is positively correlated with
A. feelings of security.
B. unfamiliar settings.
C. familiar settings.
D. the age of the mother.
33. Which of the following represents the correct order of the developmental sequence of emotion
regulation?
A. using language to communicate emotions, soothing by others, redirecting one’s own attention
B. soothing by others, using language to communicate emotions, redirecting one’s own attention
C. soothing by others, redirecting one’s own attention, using language to communicate emotions
D. redirecting one’s own attention, soothing by others, using language to communicate emotions
34. The pediatrician warns a mother that responding to her baby's every cry will reward and increase crying.
Which view does this doctor hold?
A. John Bowlby’s view
B. the behaviorist view
C. Mary Ainsworth’s view
D. the evolutionary view
35. Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby stress that
A. quick attention to crying results in rewarding and increasing that behavior.
B. babies can become spoiled in their first year of life.
C. quick attention to crying is important in the development of a strong bond between parent and child.
D. children cannot self-regulate emotions if a parent comforts their every cry.
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