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Summary Introduction to Pyschology - Year 1, Period 1 - English CA$13.75   Add to cart
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  5. Inleiding in de Psychologie

Summary

Summary Introduction to Pyschology - Year 1, Period 1 - English

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 298 views  11 purchases
  • Course
  • Inleiding in de Psychologie
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Book
  • Psychological Science

This pdf is a visual and concise summary of the Introduction to Psychology course at the Vrije Universiteit van Amsterdam (VU) for the English psychology track. (but may also be helpful for Dutch students). Includes information from the book and the lectures. Personally I learn way better when thi...

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Document information

  • No
  • All the pages that were given as reading material for this course at the vu
  • November 10, 2019
  • 61
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary

Subjects

  • vu
  • psychology
  • introduction
  • english
  • visual
  • introduction
  • intro to psych
  • introduction psychology
  • psychological science
  • introduction
  • introduction to psychology
  • introduction to psychology
  • free university of amsterdam

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  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Psychologie
  • Inleiding in de Psychologie
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Content preview

Psychology = the study of mental activity & behavior (mind ,
brain
,
behavior)

Critical thinking is a hallmark of a
good scientist ( openness & wariness )




HC1:GENESANDEV0LUT
thegeneticbasis

( ell -
Chromosome
✓
=
Carry instructions
( one of 4G )
on how to build &

nucleus
/ operate a
body




bases ( coiled strands of DNA




BA
-
double
helix




gene .
-


=
meaningful sequence
of nitrogen bases provide the
-

⑧ code for a specific protein




Each cell contains the same chromosomes and information but they look different due to :



gene expression = whether a
gene is turned on or off

La controlled by the biochemical environment inside the cell which is influenced by the

biochemical environment outside the cell leg timing development
.


,
behavior)



Genotype = an organisms specific set of
genes determined at conception ,
never changes
phenotype = an organisms observable (physical ) traits & behavior
,
always changing
LB
genotype t environment




Genes come from OUR parents, each contributes one
gene of
corresponding positions which pair up .




Allele one specific variant of a
gene
=




•
Heterozygote = alleles on locus differ (one dominant
,
one Recessive )

•
Homozygote = alleles on locus correspont ( two dominant or two recessive )




A trait is determined by the environment and -07
gene pair leg .
hair color )

OR → multiple gene pairs
=
poly genetic characteristic

(e.g .

intelligence )

,Heredity =
parents pass on
genes to
offspring
Heritability = a statistical estimate of the extent to which variation in a trait within a




population can be explained by genetics →
genetic variance :
phenotype variance




euowtionbynatuRan

Darwin
zconditionsfornatur-aseectiono.IT says there
, origins of species ( 1859 ) are

Variation among individuals within a
population
2) Individuals with an advantageous trait should be more likely
to survive / procreate


3) This trait should be passed on to the offspring

Survival of the
genes > survival of the individual ( e.g .
broken wing bird ,
nest & predator)
The
genome is shaped by evolution




EUidencefortheeuolutionfytheory.ae
fossil
the Record

the resemblance of between (similar
genomes
•


organisms ancestors)

that don't ( e.g
pseudogenes inactive produce uit production gene)
•
=
genes proteins .
a



•
distribution of species around the world (e.g .
Hawaii )



→ evolution doesn't necessarily improve beings
-0 evolution doesn't lead to
rigid behavioral patterns ( adaptation Alex ibility despite genes)


geriesebehauior

Behavioral genetics = the
study of the interaction between
genes & environment

it 's
and influence On
psychological activity .




→ uses twin and adoption studies




Epigenetics = the
study of how environment affects
genetic expression (e.g living
.
under stress )

, HC20.tt/EBRa1NANDTHE#RV0USSYSTEM




these two WOR

→ to cont
together
movement




I
"m
:L:c.ua?inttE..abeaesica+una:tssm.:tint:e.m::::oussssi-
La communicate selectively with other neurons to
em




form
and




neural
are exit ane




networks
. IHB
•
neural networks develop through : maturation
,
experience & Repeated firing
S A 1




/
A neuron has a semi -

permeable Types of neuron : -


sensory receptors
E
membrane sensitive to stimulation afferent
sensory neurons



III.III.9mF
-


.
=



'
• can
selectively allow
I or
m
.




neurons
ions in and out


SALEM




¥iaainformation from other
'
neurons
EeEtnex.o.a Serves the rapid conduction




: ÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷i ÷÷÷:÷:÷÷
"" ""




:÷÷i÷÷÷÷
in
On the membrane are
-




m÷aisa::n:÷¥:::÷:::
ion channels which help - Ayon : outgrowth of a neuron
control the electrical impulse , by which information is

n
that insulates the axon


allowing a faster transmission

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