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BCHM 270 Diseases Test with Questions Solved 100% Correct |Verified Solutions
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Lactose Intolerance - Answer Biochemistry: An enzyme deficiency, caused by a loss of lactase activity, either through lactase deficiency or age-dependent loss of lactase activity. This causes lactose to not be digested in the small intestine, but instead is metabolized by bacteria in the large i...

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  • September 2, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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BCHM 270 Diseases Test with Questions Solved
100% Correct |Verified Solutions

Lactose Intolerance - Answer Biochemistry: An enzyme deficiency, caused by a
loss of lactase activity, either through lactase deficiency or age-dependent loss of
lactase activity. This causes lactose to not be digested in the small intestine, but
instead is metabolized by bacteria in the large intestine.
Symptoms: Bloating, diarrhea, dehydration
Treatment: Remove lactose from diet or reintroduce lactase to allow for lactose
digestion


Hemolytic Anemia - Answer Biochemistry: A G6PD deficiency. Inability to detoxify
oxidizing agents due to an insufficient supply of NADPH. Can be developed by:
- treatment with oxidant drugs
- favism
- infection
- hereditary disease
Can also be caused by a pyruvate kinase deficiency. Alteration in gene expression
of activity, consequence is premature RBC rupture due to insufficient
pyruvate/anaerobic glycolysis/ATP
Treatment: blood transfusion


Steatorrhea - Answer Biochemistry: Lipid malabsorption due to loss of bile salts or
lipases
Symptoms: Increased presence of lipids in feces

, Cystic Fibrosis - Answer Biochemistry: Loss of pancreatic enzymes due to CF-
related mucosal thickening in the pancreas, which blocks pancreatic ducts and
causes poor digestion. The body has two faulty copies of the cystic fibrosis
tramsmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. CFTR is a chloride ion
channel in the plasma membrane that is important for the formation of sweat,
digestive juices and mucus.
Treatment: Supplementing digestive enzymes and additional vitamins to allow
them to absorb the nutrients


Ketoacidosis - Answer Biochemistry:Occurs in uncontrolled Type I diabetes
mellitus. In the absence of insulin, fats are released and cannot absorb glucose.
The liver overproduces ketone bodies as a result. These ketone bodies are acidic,
which results in severe metabolic acidosis.
Symptoms: Blood levels of ketone bodies increase. High acetone levels lead to
fruity odor on the breath. Excretion of glucose and ketone bodies in the urine
results in dehydration fo the body. Acidic ketone bodies lower blood pH, which
results in coma and death if untreated.


Hypercholesteremia - Answer Biochemistry: Body cholesterol increases
Treatment: Statins


Artherosclerosis - Answer Biochemistry: Oxidized LDL leads to development of
macrophage from fatty cells and fatty plaques


Cholelithiasis / Gallstone Disease - Answer Biochemistry: Cholesterol forms
gallstones due to insufficient bile salts
Treatment: Surgical removal of the gall bladder or chenodeoxycholic acid
supplements used to dissolve gallstones

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