Exam (elaborations)

NR 325 Exam 1 ATI Practice (Endocrine System Function) Questions and Answers; Chamberlain Guaranteed A+ PASS!!!

6 views 0 purchase

Course
NR 325 1 ATI

Institution
NR 325 1 ATI

NR 325 Exam 1 ATI Practice (Endocrine System Function) Questions and Answers; Chamberlain Guaranteed A+ PASS!!!NR 325 Exam 1 ATI Practice (Endocrine System Function) Questions and Answers; Chamberlain Guaranteed A+ PASS!!!NR 325 Exam 1 ATI Practice (Endocrine System Function) Questions and Answers;...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 18 pages

View example

Uploaded on September 3, 2024
Number of pages 18
Written in 2024/2025
Type Exam (elaborations)
Contains Questions & answers

nr 325 exam 1 ati
nr 325
nr 325 exam 1 ati practice endocrine system funct
nr 325 exam 1 ati practice endocrine system
nr 325 exam 1 ati practice

Institution NR 325 1 ATI
Course NR 325 1 ATI

linokinyua

Member since 10 months 2 documents sold

CA$23.61

Added

Add to cart

Add to wishlist

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

NR 325 Exam 1 ATI Practice (Endocrine System Function)
Questions and Answers; Chamberlain Guaranteed A+ PASS!!!
Endocrine System Function - ANSWER>>>Produce hormones and secrete them directly into the
bloodstream

Insulin - ANSWER>>>Regulator of metabolism and storage of ingested carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
(anabolic or storage hormone).

Facilitates glucose transport across cell membranes

Counterregulatory Hormones - ANSWER>>>Oppose the effects of insulin, and increase blood glucose
levels. They provide a regulated release of glucose for energy, and help maintain normal blood glucose
levels.

Ex: glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol

Glucagon - ANSWER>>>Normally produced by pancreatic alpha cells when blood sugar is low to raise
blood glucose levels. In diabetes II, glucagon is still produced, but because there is so much insulin, our
pancreas doesn't respond normally.

Diabetes Mellitus - ANSWER>>>A chronic, multi-system disease related to abnormal insulin production,
impaired insulin utilization, or both. There is no cure, but diabetic complications can be delayed or
prevented with good management. African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, and Native Americans
have a higher incidence of diabetes.

Diabetes Complications - ANSWER>>>Diabetes is the leading cause of adult blindness, end-stage renal
failure, and non-traumatic lower limb amputations. It is also a major contributing factor to heart disease
and stroke.

Gerontologic Considerations with Diabetes - ANSWER>>>Diabetes prevalence increases with age related
to reduced B-cell function, decreased insulin sensitivity (!!), and altered carb metabolism. Undiagnosed
and untreated diabetes is more common in older adults, partly due to the normal physiologic changes of
aging resembling that of DM.

Diabetes is present in at least 25% of people over age 65.

Diabetes Type I Epidemiology - ANSWER>>>Formerly known as "juvenile onset" or "insulin dependent"
diabetes.

Most often occurs in people under 40 years old, and accounts for 5-10% of all people with diabetes.

Has a sudden onset.

It is an autoimmune disease, in which B-cells responsible for insulin production are destroyed. A genetic
predisposition and exposure to a virus are factors that may contribute to the development of DM I.
Autoantibody are produced and destroy B-cells. Manifestations occur after the pancreas is unable to
produced insulin, and symptoms are rapid. Usually patients present to ER with DKA.

Diabetes Type I Classic Symptoms - ANSWER>>>Polyuria

,Polydipsia

Polyphagia

Weight loss

Prediabetes - ANSWER>>>Known as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG).

Prediabetes Labs - ANSWER>>>IFG: fasting glucose levels 100-126 mg/dl

IGT: 2 hour plasma glucose 140-199 mg/dl

A1C: in the range of 5.7-6.4%

A1C Lab - ANSWER>>>It is a test that determines how well your glucose was stabilized within the last
three months.

If you have a high A1C, that means you have had high glucose levels in the last 3 months

Diabetes Type II Etiology - ANSWER>>>Probably has a genetic basis.

A genetic mutation leading to insulin resistance, and as the disease progresses, less insulin production.
There is also an increased risk for obesity.

Obesity is the most powerful risk factor, especially obesity with an increased waist circumference.

Type II DM is now being seen in children due to epidemic of childhood obesity.

Type II accounts for 90% of diabetics.

Pancreas continues to produce insulin, but the body can't use the insulin.

Diabetes Type II Risk Factors - ANSWER>>>Obesity

Aging

Sedentary lifestyle

Family history of Type II DM

Urbanization

Certain ethnicities (AA, NA, Latino)

Diabetes Type II Clinical Manifestations - ANSWER>>>Nonspecific symptoms, may have classic symptoms
of type I

Fatigue

Recurrent infections

Recurrent vaginal yeast or monilia infections

Prolonged wound healing

Visual changes

, The onset of symptoms is gradual.

Diagnosing Diabetes: Fasting Plasma Glucose Level - ANSWER>>>>126 mg/dl

Fasting is no caloric intake for at least 8 hours. The FPG test needs to be confirmed by repeating testing
on another day.

Diagnosing Diabetes: Random Plasma Glucose Measurement - ANSWER>>>>200 mg/dl plus symptoms

Diagnosing Diabetes: Two-Hour OGTT Level - ANSWER>>>>200 mg/dl using a glucose load of 75g.

You have the patient drink a syrup drink and evaluate how well the body tolerates large doses of sugar.

Diagnosing Diabetes: Hemoglobin A1C Test - ANSWER>>>Useful in determining glycemic levels over
time. May be used in diagnosis or to monitor success of treatment. It shows the amount of glucose
attached to hgb molecules over RBC life span (3 months). <6.5-7%

Goal of Diabetes Management - ANSWER>>>Decrease symptoms

Promote well-being

Prevent acute complications

Delay onset and progression of long-term complications

Exogenous Insulin - ANSWER>>>Insulin from an outside source.

Required for type I DM.

Prescribed for patients with DM II who can't control blood glucose by other methods.

Insulins differ in regard to onset, peak action, and duration.

It is given by a subcutaneous injection or IV, never orally.

Regimen that closely mimics endogenous insulin production is basal-bolus.

Basal-Bolus Insulin Therapy - ANSWER>>>Intensive insulin therapy consisting of multiple daily injections
and frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. It is insulin administration that mimics normal
pancreas function.

Rapid-Acting Insulin Onset, Peak, and Duration - ANSWER>>>Ex: lispro (Humalog), aspart (NovoLog),
glulisine (Apidra)

Onset: 10-30 minutes

Peak: 30 minutes- 3 hours

Duration: 3-5 hours

Short-Acting Insulin Onset, Peak, and Duration - ANSWER>>>Ex: regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)

Onset: 30 min - 1 hour

Peak 2-5 hours

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller linokinyua. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$23.61. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

84669 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Exam (elaborations)

NR 325 Exam 1 ATI Practice (Endocrine System Function) Questions and Answers; Chamberlain Guaranteed A+ PASS!!!

Document information

Subjects

Written for

Seller

Reviews received

Content preview