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Honors Biology First Semester Final Exam with Complete Solutions

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Honors Biology First Semester Final Exam with Complete Solutions What is the term for the process by which cells convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants? Nitrogen Fixation What is the name of the small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA for d...

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  • September 8, 2024
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  • Honors Biology First Semester
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Honors Biology First Semester Final
Exam with Complete Solutions
What is the term for the process by which cells convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form

for plants?


✔✔ Nitrogen Fixation




What is the name of the small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA

for degradation?


✔✔ MicroRNA (miRNA)




What is the term for the process in which an organism produces offspring that are genetically

identical to itself?


✔✔ Asexual Reproduction




What is the name of the complex of proteins and DNA found in the nucleus that organizes

genetic material?


✔✔ Chromatin




1

,What is the term for the stage in cellular respiration where acetyl-CoA is broken down to

produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2?


✔✔ Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)




What is the name of the molecular machine responsible for translating mRNA into a polypeptide

chain?


✔✔ Ribosome




What is the term for the phenomenon where one gene influences multiple traits?


✔✔ Pleiotropy




What is the name of the process where cells undergo programmed cell death to remove damaged

or unnecessary cells?


✔✔ Apoptosis




What is the term for the genetic exchange that occurs between homologous chromosomes during

meiosis, leading to genetic diversity?


✔✔ Crossing Over




2

, What is the name of the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during replication?


✔✔ Helicase




What is the term for the sequence of amino acids in a protein that determines its function and

structure?


✔✔ Primary Structure




What is the name of the process where cells use vesicles to import large particles or other cells?


✔✔ Phagocytosis




What is the term for the change in allele frequencies in a population over time due to random

sampling effects?


✔✔ Genetic Drift




What is the name of the structure that helps to organize microtubules during cell division?


✔✔ Centrosome




3

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