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Charleston Tour Guide Test Questions with Verified Answers Buildings of Federal Period. - Answer-. Also known as Neoclassical or Adamesque. Classically inspired, but details lighter and more attenuated. Typified by symmetrical facade with semicicular or elliptical fanlights over front door and si...

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  • September 11, 2024
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  • buildings of federal period

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Charleston Tour Guide Test Questions
with Verified Answers
Buildings of Federal Period. - Answer-1790-1820. Also known as Neoclassical or
Adamesque. Classically inspired, but details lighter and more attenuated. Typified by
symmetrical facade with semicicular or elliptical fanlights over front door and sidelights.
Details include urns, garlands, anthemion (honeysuckle), medallions.
City Hall - 80 Broad. 1800-1804. Gabriel Manigault.
Joseph Manigault House - 350 Meeting. 1803. Gabriel Manigault.
SC Society Hall - 72 Meeting. 1803-04. Gabriel Manigault.
Nat Russell House - 51 Meeting. 1803-05.
2nd Pres - 342 Meeting. 1811. John & James Gordon.
Cathedral of St. Luke & St. Paul - 1811-16. John & James Gordon.

Buildings of Classical Revival - Answer-1820-1875. Response to emerging democratic
ideals. Early Greek Revival buildings rectangular with monumental Ionic columns and
full pediment across front. Later combined with Roman and Tuscan. Pure Greek Revival
is rare, and combination of Greek and Roman details fall into Classical Revival.
1st Baptist - 61-62 Church. 1819-22. Robert Mills.
Fireproof Building. 100 Meeting. 1822-27. Robert Mills.
Hibernian Hall. 105 Meeting. 1839-41. Thomas Walter.
Beth Elohim. 90 Hasell. 1840-31. Cyrus Wagner
Robert William Roper House - 9 E Battery. 1838-39. Charles Reichardt.
Market Hall. 188 Meeting. 1840-41. EB White.
Centenary Baptist - 60 Wentworth. 1841-42. EB White.
St. Johannes Lutheran - 48 Hasell. 1842. EB White.
Trinity Methodist - 275 Meeting. 1848-50.

Buildings of Gothic Revival - Answer-Inspired by European castles and churches.
Popular in 19th century. Pointed arches, tracery, steeply pitched roof, clustered
columns, crenellation. Most in Chas are churches or insitutional buildings. Invention of
scrolls saw later makde it possible to imitate carved stone in wood... called Carpenter
Gothic... some residential examples built in Victorian period.
Old Marine Hospital - 20 Franklin. 1831-34.
Hugenot Church - 140 Church. 1844-45. EB White.
Aiken-Rhett House slave quarters - 48 Elizabeth. 1830s.
Grace Episcopal - 100 Wentworth. 1847-48. EB White.
George Washington Cooper House - 13 Franklin. 1850. Carpenter Gothic.

Italianate Buildings - Answer-1850-1885. Italian country villas inspired. Popular second
half of 19th century for residential and commercial. Tower elements, overhanging roof
with elaborate brackets under eaves, round headed and arched windows and doors,
balustrades along rooflines and balconies.
John Ashe House - 26 Battery. 1843. Edward Jones.

,Robertson-Pickens House - 34 Smith. 1855
SG Courtenay Building - 11 Broad. 1856. EB White.
Calhoun Mantion - 16 Meeting. 1879. William Russell.

Victorian Buildings. - Answer-1860-1900s. Several styles: Second Empire, Queen Anne,
Eastlake, Richardsonian Romanesque. Asymmetrical floor plans, turrets, towers, lacy
wood trim (gingerbread), steeply pitched amnsard roof, decorative and patterned roof
shingles.
Francis Silas Rogers Mansion - 149 Wentworth. 1857-87. Daniel Wayne. 2nd Empire
Wilson-Sottile House - 11 College. 1891. SW Foulk. Queen Anne.
Carrington-Carr House - 2 Meeting. 1890-92. Queen Anne.
Charles Drayton House - 25 East Battery. 1883-38. Eastlake

Art Deco Buildings - Answer-1920-1940. mostly commercial. walls hae smooth finish.
Emphasis on vertical elements. Geometric patterns, stylized figures, materials like terra
cotta, mirrors, etched glass.
Kress Building. 281 King. 1937-39.
Riveria Theater. 227 King. 1937-39.
Martschink Building - 26 Cumberland.
Chase Furniture - 414 King. 1945. Augustus Constantine.

20th Century Buildings - Answer-Colonial Revival 1880-95 found on Murray Blvd and
south of Tradd where about 50 acres of marsh filled.
Beaux-Arts Classicism 1880-1930 for grandly scaled public buildings.
Craftsman. 1905-1930 for smaller scale residential... low-pitched gables with
overhanging eaves and exposed rafters... upper peninsula including Hampton Park
Terrace.
Gibbes Museum - 135 Meeting. 1905. Frank Milburn. Beaux Arts.
C. Bissell Jenkins House - 52 Murray. 1913. Colonial Revival.
Garden theater - 371 King. 1917-18. Beaux Arts.
Halasey House - 66 Barre. 1910. Craftsman.

Gabriel Manigault buildings - Answer-City Hall (Bank of US) 80 Broad - 1800-04
Joseph Manigault House - 350 Meeting - 1803
SC Society Hall - 72 Meeting - 1803-04

James & John Gordon Buildings - Answer-2nd Presbyterian - 342 Meeting - 1811
Cathedral of St. Luke & St. Paul - 126 Coming. 1811-16

Robert Mills Buildings - Answer-1st Baptist - 61-63 Church. 1819-22.
Fireproof Building - 100 Meeting. 1822-27.
Old Marine Hospital - 20 Franklin. 1831-34.

Edward B White Buildings - Answer-Market Hall - 188 Meeting. 1840-41.
Centenary Baptist - 60 Wentworth. 1841-42.
St. Johannes Lutheran - 48 Hasell. 1842

,Hugenot Church - 140 Church. 1844-43
Grace Episcopal - 100 Wentworth. 1847-48.
St. Philip's steeple - 146 Church. 1848-50.
Charleston Gas & Light Co. 141 Meeting. 1876.

Edward C. Jones Buildings - Answer-John Ashe House - 26 South Battery. 1853
New tabernacle Baptist - 22 Elizabeth - 1859.

Francis D Lee - Answer-Mt. Zion AME - 7 Glebe. 1847-48
Trinity Methodist - 275 Meeting. 1848-50.
Unitarian - 6 Archdale. 1852.
Farmers & Exchange Bank - 141 East Bay. 1853-54.

Edward Jones & Francis Lee Buildings - Answer-State Bank of SC - 1 Broad. 1853.
Citadel Square - 338 Meeting. 1855-56.

John Henry Devereux buildings - Answer-St. Mathews Lutheran - 405 King. 1867-72.
Masonic Temple - 207 King. 1871-72.
Federal Courthouse & Post Office - 83 Broad. 1896-97.

Albert Simons Buildings - Answer-CofC Gym. 24 George. 1838-39.
Memminger Auditorium - 22 Beaufain. 1938.

Augustus Constantine Buildings - Answer-Chase Furniture - 414 King. 1945
American Theater - 446 King. 1942.

Why were wood shingles prohibited in the 1800s? - Answer-Because of fire.

Why were mortar joints important in early buildings? - Answer-Bricks were handmade,
thus irregular, and more helped even out appearance. Early bricks were also soft.
Repointing historic bricks cannot use cement because it will crack the soft bricks.

Popular bonds - Answer-Flemish - alternating header and stretcher within row. Labor
intensive and usually used on front only.
English Common - alternating rows of header and stretcher.
American Common - 4-5 rows of stretcher between single header course.

Why was stucco used? - Answer-To cover masonry repairs or when addition was built.
BUilders would often cut lines in stucco to make it appear stone.

Historic wood siding commonly made of what and why? - Answer-old growth cypress or
long leaf yello pine. Resistant to warm, humid climate.

What kind of weatherboard common on pre-1800 buildings? - Answer-Beaded.

, Why are shutters different on first and upper floors? - Answer-Solid on first for privacy
and secruity. Louvered on upper floors for ventilation.

What does BAR require of all shutters? - Answer-operable and made of wood.

What were earliest shutter dogs called? - Answer-Rat tail.

Entry door from piazza to home often featured what? - Answer-transom window,
sidelights.

What was Charleston's earliest ironwork? - Answer-wrought.

When did cast iron become opoular? - Answer-mod-1800s after Civil War left many
wrough iron gates and dences damaged.

What was Chevaux-de-Frise? - Answer-early security device. used espcially after
Denmark Vesey in 1822. Good example at Miles Brewton House. Means Frisian Horse.

When was Rainbow Row painted in current colors? - Answer-1930s.

What is Charleston Green? - Answer-Shutters often painted with verdigris-based paint
that was brilliant green but degraded to blackish-green. It was not result of cost-saving
measure of adding yellow to black. In reality, blacks were least expensive pigments.

What was first building to be restored and interpreted for links to Charleston past? -
Answer-Powder Magazine. Bought by the Dames in 1902.

What was Charleston's first, large-scale preservation effort? - Answer-Joseph Manigault
House in 1920. Threatened demolistion prompted formation of Preservation Society.

In addition to demolition, what was another threat to Charleston buildings? - Answer-
big-city museums and collectors purchased and removed entire rooms of Georgian
woodwork and paneling.

Who purchased and restored Daniel Heyward House (Heyward-Washington) in 1929? -
Answer-Preservation Society & Charleston Museum

What established the "old and historic district?" - Answer-1931 Planning and Zoning
ordinance, which also formed BAR.

When was HCF founded and what did it pioneer? - Answer-1947. Revolving fund to
purchase and stabilize historic buildings, which were then re-sold with protective
covenants to preservation-minded owners.

What and when was Ansoborough Rehabiliation Project? - Answer-HCF began project
to rehab entire neighborhood in 1959. Work continued throught he 60s.

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