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CMB2004 (immunity) Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025
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What must an effective immune response do? (4 things) ~~> Be able to recognise and respond to invading pathogen Not over-react to to benign or self Be able to direct different effector mechanisms against different pathogens Links innate and adaptive responses What is adaptive immunity? (3...

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  • September 15, 2024
  • 102
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • cmb2004 immunity questions and answer latest
  • what must an effective immune response do 4 thin

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1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




CMB2004 (immunity) Questions and
Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025
What must an effective immune response do? (4 things)


~~> Be able to recognise and respond to invading pathogen




Not over-react to to benign or self




Be able to direct different effector mechanisms against different pathogens




Links innate and adaptive responses




What is adaptive immunity? (3 details)


~~> It is induced by exposure to a PARTICULAR infection, it has a high

degree of specificity.




It exhibits memory




What is the clonal selection theory? Why?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


~~> It states that each lymphocyte has membrane-bound immunoglobulin

receptors specific for a particular antigen and after the receptor is engaged,

proliferation of the cell occurs such that a clone of antibody-producing cells

is produced.

This is because there's a low frequency of cells specific for any antigen, more

receptors than cells.




Describe the level of antibody production in the primary and secondary

immune response?


~~> When first exposed to antigen, low antibody production (innate

response, non specific)




Adaptive starts to with increased Ig production.




Decrease in Ig means the immune response has been successful.




With a secondary infection the lag phase would be quicker, so more

antibodies are produced quickly.




Where's the BCR expressed?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


~~> by B lymphocytes (The membrane form of Ig), secreted when the B cell

is activated)`




What does the BCR bind?


~~> Free antigen




Where's the TCR expressed?


~~> On T lymphocytes, membrane form only




What does the TCR bind?


~~> Recognizes peptide fragments (processed antigen)

bound to MHC




What's the immunoglobulin superfamily?


~~> a large group of cell surface and soluble proteins that are involved in

the recognition, binding, or adhesion processes of cells. Including Antibodies

T cell receptors, MHC molecules




What are the two main functions of antibodies?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


~~> To activate complement- for oposonisation, classical pathway

activation and MAC




Activation of effector cells- Cells that express FcR (the receptor that binds to

the FC region of the antibody)




Describe the structure of an antibody


~~> Formed via 4 polypeptides

C terminus at the constant region, N terminus at the variable regions.




Has different domains, Hc identical as are Lc




held by both covalent and non covalent bonds




What region of an antibody is the antigen binding site made up of?


~~> The variable regions of one heavy and one light chain




What is the constant region of an antibody?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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