100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
CMB2004 Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025 CA$19.47   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Cmb2004
  4.  
  5. Cmb2004

Exam (elaborations)

CMB2004 Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025
 3 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Cmb2004
  • Institution
  • Cmb2004

What are the 4 sources of infection? ~~> Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites What does the immune system need to be able to do for an effective immune response? ~~> 1- Be able to recognise and respond to any invading organism 2- Not over react to benign or self 3- Be able to direct dif...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 56  pages

Document information

  • September 15, 2024
  • 56
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • cmb2004 questions and answer latest update 2024
  • what are the 4 sources of infection bacteria

Written for

  • Cmb2004
  • Cmb2004

Seller

avatar-seller
ExamArsenal

Reviews received

Content preview

1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




CMB2004 Questions and Answer |
Latest Update 2024/2025
What are the 4 sources of infection?


~~> Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites




What does the immune system need to be able to do for an effective

immune response?


~~> 1- Be able to recognise and respond to any invading organism

2- Not over react to benign or self


3- Be able to direct different effector mechanisms against different

pathogens




approximately how many bacteria are their and how many are named?


~~> 10^9 bacteria and 30000 named




What is specific/adaptive immunity?


~~> It is induced by exposure to a particular infection, it shows a high

degree of specificity and exhibits memory




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


How is specific immunity mediated?


~~> BY B/T lymphocytes with clonally distributed receptors, this is a large

repertoire but low frequency of cells for one specific antigen




Is specific immunity slow or fast to develop?


~~> Slow but quicker the second time




What is clonal selection theory?


~~> The clonal selection theory is that one individual cell is selected, by

virtue of its ability to recognize an antigen, to make billions of clones of itself

to help the body rid itself of one particular pathogen. When B-cells undergo

clonal selection, most clones becomes plasma cells which will produce

massive amounts of antibody against the particular antigen invading the

body, after the pathogens have been removed from the body, the plasma

cells will undergo apoptosis and die.




What happens when a B cell is activated?


~~> After something has bound the the antigen binding site, the membrane

form of immunoglobulin is released and is known as an antibody




What do T cells recognise?



Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


~~> Only A short peptide fragment




What is the difference between TCR and BCR?


~~> TCR is never secreted and it needs the peptide fragments to be

presented to it.




What do antibodies do?


~~> Infection with encapsulated bacteria

Activation of complement by oponisation or classical and MAC pathways


Activation of effector cells




What is the structure of antibodies?


~~> Basic 4 chain structure

2 identical heavy and light chains held together by covalent and non

covalent bonds


2 types of light chain A and K


Each chain has a variable and constant region


Antigen binding sites have a VH and VL regions


Different CH regions interact with complement and the Fc region binds to

different FcRs expressed by the effector cells.


Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




What is responsible for the AB structure in antibodies?


~~> The constant regions are responsible for both AB structure and

interacting with other molecules and cells of the innate system




What are the 5 classes of Antibodies?


~~> IgM D A G and E




What determines the isotype of an antibody?


~~> Isotypes are determined by the heavy chain




How does Antigen interaction work?


~~> Through the variable region which is specific for each given Ab with

concentrated regions of variability. There is hypervariable regions and 6

hypervariable loops which lead to the antigen binding site. Both heavy and

light chains contribute. The Ag binds to an aa in CDRs.




What is an antigen epitope?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ExamArsenal. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$19.47. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$19.47
  • (0)
  Add to cart