100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
CMB2001 Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025 CA$19.47   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. CMB2001
  4.  
  5. CMB2001

Exam (elaborations)

CMB2001 Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025
 6 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • CMB2001
  • Institution
  • CMB2001

Core Promoter Elements ~~> TATA box = repetitive sequence of thymine and adenine Initiator (INR) = sequence of pyramidines like thymine and cytosine DPE = downstream promoter elements found along the DNA Common to have >1 promoter but not all of them CpG islands ~~> Sequences hig...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 51  pages

Document information

  • September 15, 2024
  • 51
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • cmb2001 questions and answer latest update 2024
  • core promoter elements tata box repetitive

Written for

  • CMB2001
  • CMB2001

Seller

avatar-seller
ExamArsenal

Reviews received

Content preview

1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




CMB2001 Questions and Answer |
Latest Update 2024/2025
Core Promoter Elements


✓ ~~> TATA box = repetitive sequence of thymine and adenine

✓ Initiator (INR) = sequence of pyramidines like thymine and cytosine

✓ DPE = downstream promoter elements found along the DNA




Common to have >1 promoter but not all of them




CpG islands


✓ ~~> Sequences high in CG frequency. They are able to escape

methylation which would lead to gene silencing. Demethylation would

lead to over expression of genes.




Regulatory Promoter Elements


✓ ~~> UAS and URS found proximal upstream; silence and repressor

found distalling upstream

UAS + activator = Activator binding site


URS + silencer = Repressor binding site




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


Identifying promoter elements


✓ ~~> 1. Sequence comparison - high frequency base at particular

point = consensus sequence

2. Reporter Gene Assay using GFP, luciferase, lac-Z; amount of reporter is the

amount of gene expressed




5' deletion series


✓ ~~> Otherwise known as protein bashing:

1. Recombinant DNA techniques applied


2. Ligate vector carrying reporter gene


3. Transform E.coli and isolate plasmid DNA


4. Transfect each type of plasmid and culture cells


5. Prepare cell extract and carry out reporter assay which will show the effect

of the deletion




Reporters are used to identify


✓ ~~> - When a gene is expressed

- Where a gene is expressed


- What signal causes it's expression




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


- What factors and sequences are involved




RNA polymerase I


✓ ~~> Found in the nucleolus produces rRNA such as 28S, 18S and 5.8S




RNA polymerase II


✓ ~~> Found in the nucleus and produces mRNAs including siRNA and

miRNAs




RNA polymerase III


✓ ~~> Found in the nucleus and produces tRNA




How is the prokaryotic RNA polymerase II different to eukaryotic RNA

polymerase II?


✓ ~~> Prokaryotic = 2 x alpha, beta, beta', omega subunits

Requires sigma cofactor to recognise DNA


Eukaryotic = much more complex. Has 12 subunits (some which are similar to

the prokaryotic subunits) and sigma cofactor is replaced by Transcription

factors which will recruit RNA polymerase II to the promoter site




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


The sequence of TFII binding


✓ ~~> D -> A -> B -> F + RNA polymerase II -> E + H




CTD on RNA polymerase II


✓ ~~> C-terminus domain on beta' subunit is highly phosphorylated

during transcription




TFII fate during transcription


✓ ~~> - TFII D and A remain at the promoter site

- TFIIF remains with the RNA polymerase II


- TFII H, E and B




TFIIA


✓ ~~> Promotes binding of TFIID and has antirepressing function




TFIIB


✓ ~~> Recruits RNA polymerase II and TFIIF so is important for start site

selection




TFIID


Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ExamArsenal. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$19.47. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

79373 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$19.47
  • (0)
  Add to cart