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BIOD 171 Module 6 Exam Questions with Approved Answers |Latest 2024/2025
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What is the viral envelope, and what does the presence (or absence) of it tell you about the type of virus? The viral envelope surrounds the viral capsid and serves as an additional barrier to the external environment. The majority of animal viruses are enveloped where as plant or bacteria infect...

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  • September 16, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • biod 171 module 6
  • biod 171
  • biod 171 module 6 exam questions with approved ans

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BIOD 171 Module 6 Exam Questions with
Approved Answers.

What is the viral envelope, and what does the presence (or absence) of
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



it tell you about the type of virus?
_;- _;- The viral envelope surrounds the
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


viral capsid and serves as an additional barrier to the external
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


environment. The majority of animal viruses are enveloped where as _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



plant or bacteria infecting viruses are not.
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




You go to visit a friend who has chickenpox. While visiting what are 2
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


things you will be sure to avoid so that you don't also become infected?
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


_;- You should keep a distance especially if your friend is coughing or
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


sneezing because chickenpox can be transmitted through air-borne
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


droplets. You should also avoid direct contact with the blisters of an
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


infected individual. _;-




True or False. Although viruses may contain their genome within an
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


enclosed space (much like the nucleus of a cell), it is considered neither
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



eukaryotic nor prokaryotic. True _;- _;- _;-_;- _;-




Describe the two basic components of a virus.
_;- A virus has genomic
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


material made up of either DNA or RNA and a capsid which is a
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


protective structure that contains genetic material_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




True or False. You would expect to see a viral envelope on a virus
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


infecting a bacterial cell. False _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;-

,What type of microscope would be used to study the shape of a viral
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



capsid? Due to its size (~30-150 nm) most viral capsids must be
_;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


visualized via electron microscopy. _;- _;- _;-




How does the viral envelope both aid in cell entry as well as hide it
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


from being detected by the immune system?
_;- It contains the
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


proteins required for interaction with host cells. As the envelope is
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



derived from the host cell, this camouflages the virus and makes it
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


appear similar to the normal host cell.
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




What must happen before viral replication of its genome can occur?
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;-


The genome is replicated following attachment and entry
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Describe the basic steps of the viral life cycle.
_;- 1. Attachment: Viral
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


receptors bind to host proteins on the surface of the cell.
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




2. Entry: The virus fuses with the host membrane and enters the cell
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




3. Uncoating: (where applicable) the viral capsid disassembles
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




4. Replication: The viral genome provides the 'blueprint' to make copies
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


of itself
_;-




5. Exit: New viruses are produced and leave the cell
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




6. New infection: Newly produced viruses leave the host cell and go on
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


to infect new cells. The process outlined above now restarts.
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




What is a bacteriophage?
_;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- A virus that infects bacteria
_;- _;- _;- _;-

, What structural aspects make bacteriophages distinct from viruses that
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


infect either animals or plants?
_;- They have an icosahedral capsid
_;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


head and a helical tail.
_;- _;- _;- _;-




Which viral replicative process results in the destruction of the host cell?
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



_;- The lytic replication cycle
_;- _;- _;- _;-




Describe the appearance of a bacterial culture infected with virus at the
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


time of infection versus later once viral replication is occurring at a high
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



rate. It turns from a turbid to clear, the bacterial cell numbers
_;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


decrease due to lysis and the media becomes clearer.
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




To what family of viruses does rubella come from and how is it
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


transmitted? Rubella comes from Togaviridae and it is transmitted
_;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


by air-borne particles.
_;- _;-




What is the common name for rubeola, and is it a DNA or RNA virus?
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;-


It is commonly known as measles and belongs to viruses called
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



Paramyxovirus. It is a RNA. _;- _;- _;- _;-




What disease state emerges as a viral reactivation of a prior infection
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


with the varicella virus?
_;- Shingles, also known as Herpes zoster, is
_;- _;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



due to the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Because VZV
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


lies dormant in inactive nerve cells, its reactivation typically results in
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


painful blisters. However, unlike the initial chickenpox rash, the blisters
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-


are localized and limited to small areas.
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-

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