Exam (elaborations)

Rosh Review Internal Medicine EOR. Exam Questions With Correct Answers

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ROSH

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ROSH

Rosh Review Internal Medicine EOR. Exam Questions With Correct Answers Bronchiectasis - answerBronchiectasis is characterized by abnormal, permanent dilation and destruction of bronchial walls. Multiple etiologies can contribute to the development of bronchiectasis, including airway obstruction...

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Uploaded on September 17, 2024
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rosh review internal medicine eor exam questions

Institution ROSH
Course ROSH

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Rosh Review Internal Medicine EOR. Exam
Questions With Correct Answers

Bronchiectasis - answer✔Bronchiectasis is characterized by abnormal, permanent dilation and
destruction of bronchial walls. Multiple etiologies can contribute to the development of
bronchiectasis, including airway obstruction, cystic fibrosis (CF), recurrent infections, primary
ciliary dyskinesia, rheumatic and systemic diseases, humoral immunodeficiency, and cigarette
smoking.

Central diabetes insipidus - answer✔ADH deficiency due to hypothalamic or psoterior pituitary
pathology (tumor, trauma, infection, inflammation)

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus - answer✔Kidneys dont respond correctly to ADH

Wolfram syndrome - answer✔*DIDMOAD*
Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Mellitus
Optic Atrophy
Deafness

What is the most common heart valve affected by rheumatic fever? - answer✔Mitral followed by
aortic and tricuspid

Exposure to what metal can predispose individuals to essential tremor? - answer✔Lead

What describes the etiology of jaundice seen with thyroid storm? - answer✔Hepatic tissue
hypoxia due to increased peripheral consumption of oxygen

Why is iodine used to treat thyroid storm - answer✔It inhibits the conversion of T3 and T4 and
inhibits the organification of iodine

WHat is often the presenting feature of aortic stenosis? - answer✔SYncope due to fixed stroke
volume despite vasodilation with a subsequent decline in systolic blood pressure

Austin flint murmur - answer✔diastolic murmur caused by regurgitation on anterior mitral valve
leaflet -> sign of severe aortic regurgitation -> need to replace aortic valve

, ©THEBRIGHTSTARS 2024/2025
Debakey type 1 dissection - answer✔ascending and descending aorta and aortic arch
In what areas of the ureter can a stone less than 4 mm still cause obstructive symptoms? -
answer✔The ureterovesicular and ureteropelvic junction make passage of even small stones
difficult

What is the leading cause of mortality in patients diagnosed with scleroderma? - answer✔Lung
disease: pulmonary hypertension and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.

Crest syndrome (limited scleroderma) - answer✔C - calcinosis of the fingers
R - Raynaud's
E - Esophageal dysmotility
S - Sclerodactyly
T - Telangiectasia

** Primary hypertension
** Doesn't have joint pain, heart/lung/kidney involvement
What tool is used to estimate probability of death or hospitalization in patients with COPD? -
answer✔The BODE index which used BMI, FEV1, dyspnea, and exercise capacity

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome - answer✔an acquired autoimmune disorder that causes a
hypercoagulable state. Individuals with this disorder are known to have recurrent venous or
arterial thrombosis at an early age, although not all patients are symptomatic. Any patients with
the following presentations should be tested for antiphospholipid syndrome: history of
thrombosis in the absence of known risk factors, miscarriage (especially if in the late trimester or
recurrent), history of heart murmurs or cardiac valvular vegetations, history of hematologic
abnormalities, and pulmonary hypertension
Treatment for antiphospholipid syndrome that has antithrombotic properties -
answer✔Hydroxychloroquine

What is the mode of genetic transmission for hemophilia B? - answer✔X linked recessive

What does hemophilia prolong? - answer✔PTT
How much of blood volume is typically lost before hypotension is seen in hemorrhagic shock?
(Percentage) - answer✔30-40%
What drug should be avoided in the setting of renal failure (In the context of hypertensive
emergency) - answer✔Nitropursside due to risk of cyanate and thiocyanate toxicity

, ©THEBRIGHTSTARS 2024/2025
In what settings should labetalol be avoided for blood pressure control? - answer✔Asthma,
chronic obstructive lung disease, heart failure, and second or third degree heart block.

What is the goal MAP reduction in hypertensive emergency? - answer✔10-20 percent in first
hour and then 5-15% over next 23 hours. MAP reduction >25% may cause end organ ischemia

What is the most common EKG abnormality with pulmonary embolism? - answer✔Sinus tach

What test has the highest sensitivity for lupus? - answer✔Anti nuclear antibody (Best initial
screening tool)

What are the most commonly affected groups (Races) affected by lupus? - answer✔AA
Hispanic
Asian

What test has the highest specificity for lupus? - answer✔Anti-smith

Best test for monitoring lupus nephritis - answer✔Anti double stranded DNA

What mean pulmonary arterial pressure defines pulmonary hypertension? - answer✔Greater than
25 mm Hg at rest or greater than 30 mm Hg during exercise.

HOw many groups of pulmonary hypertension? - answer✔5

3 causes of anion gap metabolic acidosis besides diarrhea - answer✔Renal tubular acidosis
Early renal failure
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
What is the recommended starting joule setting for synchronized cardioversion of SVT in an
adult? - answer✔50 joules
True or false: Urinary incontinence in women aged 65 years and older should prompt a workup
for urinary tract infection. - answer✔False
The serum creatine kinase-MB peaks after an acute myocardial infarction in which of the
following time frames? - answer✔16-24 hours
What is the order that the 3 cardio biomarkers peak after an acute infarction? -
answer✔Myoglobin 8-10 hrs
CK-MB 24 hrs
Troponin T and I 24-48 hrs

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