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biol 373 midterm 1 questions & answers rated A+
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biol 373 midterm 1neural plate develops into: - correct answer ✔✔- neural tube (precursor to CNS)
at 4 weeks of gestation - correct answer ✔✔- division of brain mater into fore, mid, hindbrain and spinal
cord
at6 weeks of gestation - correct answer ✔✔- hindbrain divides int medulla, cerebellum and pons
- forebrain divides into diencephalon and cerebrum
at 11 weeks of gestation - correct answer ✔✔- rapid growth of cerebrum
function of the spinal cord - correct answer ✔✔- protection and support o CNS
cranial meninges - correct answer ✔✔- dura mater
- arachnoid mater
- pia mater
what is contained with in the dura mater - correct answer ✔✔- dural (venous) sinus
what is contained within the subarachnoid space - correct answer ✔✔- CSF
CSF - correct answer ✔✔- low in protein, K, Ca, HCO3, glucose and pH
how often is CS replaced - correct answer ✔✔- 4 times a day
where is CSF produced - correct answer ✔✔- cored plexus (within all ventricles)
,pathway of CSF - correct answer ✔✔- ventricles
- medial and lateral apertures
- drains into the subarachnoid space
- travels through the arachnoid villi to the dural sinus to the heart
types of glial cells in CNS - correct answer ✔✔- oligodendrocytes
- microglia
- astrocytes
- ependymal cells
oligodendrocytes - correct answer ✔✔- myelin sheath
microglia - correct answer ✔✔- immune cell linkage
- scavengers
astrocytes - correct answer ✔✔- regulate local ECF by releasing chemicals
ependymal cells - correct answer ✔✔- barrier between compartments
what crosses the blood-brain barrier easily - correct answer ✔✔- lipid soluble molecules
what needs a transporter to cross the blood-brain barrier - correct answer ✔✔- hydrophilic substances
(ions, AA, proteins)
blood-brain barrier - correct answer ✔✔- O2 difusion
- high expression of glucose transporters
sympathetic pathway - correct answer ✔✔- thoracolumbar
, parasympathetic pathway - correct answer ✔✔cranial sacral
contained within the grey matter - correct answer ✔✔- somatosensory nuclei
- visceral sensory nuclei
- autonomic efferent nuclei
- somatic motor nuclei
contain within the white matter - correct answer ✔✔- DCML
- spinothalamic
- lateral and anterior corticospinal
spinal reflex - correct answer ✔✔- initiation of response without input from the brain
- interneurons will send information about the stimulus and action to the brain
brainstem - correct answer ✔✔- oldest and most primitive
- origin for cranial nerves
Midbrain - correct answer ✔✔- coordination of eye movement, visual and auditory reflexes
hindbrain - correct answer ✔✔- pons
- medulla
pons - correct answer ✔✔- relay to cerebrum and regulate breathing
medulla - correct answer ✔✔- grey matter- control of involuntary functions
- white matter- somatosensory and motor tracts
Diencephalon - correct answer ✔✔- thalamus
- hypothalamus
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