Exam (elaborations)
WOCN Exam: Questions With Complete Answers (Graded A+)
WOCN Exam: Questions With Complete Answers (Graded A+)
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WOCN Exam: Questions With Complete Answers(Graded A+)
Onychorrhexis Right Ans - narrow parallel grooves from the nail base to
free nail border
Transverse lines (Beau's Lines) Right Ans - usually caused by systemic
disease resulting in temporary interruption of nail production
Onychoschizia Right Ans - splitting of the nail plate into layers. Distal
splitting usually relate to overhydration, aging, exposure to chemicals
Clubbing Right Ans - excess curvature of nail from front to back and side to
side usually due to chronic hypoxiz
Koilonychia Right Ans - spoon-shaped nails (nail is adherent to nail bed but
the free edges of the nail curl up and away from the nail bed
Trumpet or pincer nail Right Ans - disorder in which the edges of the nail
plate curl around and compress the underlying skin to form the shape of a
trumpet or cone at the free edge
Tile-shaped nails or c-shaped nails Right Ans - nails that curve down at
edges, usually symmetrical. severe c-shaped nails increase the risk of ingrown
nails
Plicatured nails Right Ans - one or both sides of the nail curve downward
into the soft tissue of the surrounding nail folds, resulting in ingrown nails
Pterygium Right Ans - abnormal adherence of eponychium or
hyponychium to nail
Callous of hyponychium Right Ans - callus formation that obscures the free
nail border, usually due to poorly fitting footwear causing repetitive friction
Splinter hemorrhages Right Ans - bleeding that occurs between the nail
bed and the nail plate as a result of trauma to the wound bed. No treatment is
required; it will grow out
,Subungual hematoma Right Ans - clot that forms between the nail bed and
the nail plate due to trauma. May cause severe pain, which is relieved by
drainage of the hematoma
Onychomadesis Right Ans - separation of the nail plate from the underlying
nail matrix at the proximal end of the nail. usually due to local injury or
infection or to severe illness.
Onycholysis Right Ans - separation of the nail from the nail bed beginning
at the distal end of the nail. may be caused by shoe trauma and most likely to
be caused by fungal infection
Onychomycosis (tinea unguium) Right Ans - fungal infection of the nail;
usually begins along the nail margins and under the free border.
Leukonychia mycotica Right Ans - fungal infection of the superficial nail
plate; usually causes white discoloration of the nail
Fungal infection treatment Right Ans - Vicks Vaporub or other menthol
product, Clear Nails, Tea Tree Oil, or Fungoid Tincture
Paronychia Right Ans - inflammation of the nail fold from trauma such as
ingrown nails. Acute causes purulent drainage and chronic has no purulence.
Onychocryptosis Right Ans - ingrown nail
Subungual keratoma Right Ans - buildup of calloused tissue under the nail
plate, most commonly due to shoes that fit poorly but also seen with
thickened nails and ingrown nails. Must remove the callus with scalpel to
relieve the pressure.
Subungual melanoma Right Ans - malignancy involving the nail. may
present as a brown or black band or spot in the nail itself or spreading from
under the nail to the surrounding skin
Calcaneus Right Ans - heel bone
, Distal interphalangeal joint Right Ans - joint between middle and distal
phalanges
eponychium Right Ans - Living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that
covers the matrix area (cuticle)
free nail border Right Ans - top edge of nail plate where it separates from
the nail bed
Hyponychium Right Ans - border between distal nail place and the
underlying nail bed
malleolus Right Ans - the rounded bony protuberance on each side of the
ankle
Metatarsals Right Ans - foot bones
metatarsophalangeal joint Right Ans - articulation between a metatarsal
bone of the foot and the proximal phalanx bone of a toe
nail bed Right Ans - layer of epithelium that interlocks with nail plate to
promote tight adherence between nail bed and overlying nail plate
nail folds Right Ans - Folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail
plate
Nail grooves Right Ans - Slits or grooves on the sides of the nail that allow
growth
nail matrix Right Ans - reproductive area of nail which extends 8mm
proximal to cuticle to distal edge of the lunula. the nail bed begins where the
nail matrix ends
lunula Right Ans - The crescent-shaped area at the base of the human
fingernail.
nail plate Right Ans - overlapping layers of keratinized cells; contains 3
layers
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