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CMSRN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
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CMSRN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED what type of hyponatremia is most common, results from excessive fluid intake and leads to decreased serum sodium concentration? dilutional hypotnatremia symptoms of diltuional hyponatremia edema, confusion, weight gain Previous Play Next...

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  • September 22, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • cmsrn questions and answers 100 solved
  • what type of hyponatremia is most common results
  • symptoms of diltuional hyponatremia edema confusi
  • what type of hyponatremia results from fluid and s

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CMSRN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% SOLVED

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) - answer-Secreted by the pituitary gland
-Promotes reabsorption of water back into the blood
-Creates small amounts of dilute urine
-Released when osmolarity is high and when there is low ECF
-"Tap water hormone"

Aldosterone - answer-Secreted by the adrenal cortex
-Promotes reabsorption of sodium and water back into the blood
-Creates a small volume of urine with a low concentration
-Released when angiotensin is released and when there is high osmolarity
-"Salt water hormone"

Isotonic Fluids - answer-Normal saline (NaCl), Ringer's (NaClK+Ca++), and Ringer's
lactate (NaClK+Ca++ and Lactate)
-Extracellular only (1/3 vascular, 2/3 interstitial)
-Used in emergencies to improve profusion and oxygenation

Hypertonic Fluids - answerHypertonic Fluids

Signs and Symptoms of Hypernatremia - answer-Thirst
-Olgiuria
-Confusion, lethargy
-Seizures
-Coma
-High serum level

Signs and Symptoms of Hyponatremia - answer-Malaise
-N/V
-Confusion, lethargy
-Seizures
-Coma
-Low serum levels

PTH - answer-Increases levels of calcium in the blood by releasing calcium from bones,
promoting reabsorption via kidneys and increasing absorption from the small intestine
-Released when serum calcium levels are decreased

Signs and Symptoms of Hypocalcemia - answer-Positive Chvostek/Trousseau sign

, -Muscle twitching/cramping
*Grimacing
*Carpopedal spasm
-Tetany
*Laryngospasm
*Seizures
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Twitchy disorder

Signs and Symptoms of Hypercalcemia - answer*Anorexia
-Constipation
-N/V
*Muscle weakness
-Fatigue
-Confusion/lethargy
*Personality/mood changes
-Polyuria
*Diminished reflexes
*Decreased LOC
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Floppy disorder

Signs and Symptoms of Hyperkalemia - answer-Intestinal cramping and diarrhea
-Flaccid skeletals muscles
-Flaccid paralysis
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Cardiac arrest

Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia - answer*Abdominal distention
*Decreased bowel sounds
-Constipation
*Paralytic ileus
-Polyuria
-Orthostatic hypotension
*Flaccid skeletal muscles
-Flaccid paralysis
-Cardiam dysrhythmias

Signs and Symptoms of Hypermagnesemia - answer-Hypotension
-Feeling of warmth
-Bradycardia
-Drowsiness, lethargy
-Wear or absent deep tendon reflexes
-Flaccid muscle paralysis
-Respiratory depression
-Cardiac dysrhythmias

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