Exam (elaborations)

GLG 121 Miami University Actual Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

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GLG 121 Miami University

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GLG 121 Miami University

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GLG 121 Miami University Actual Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which one of these is a low silica rock that cooled slowly, likely having visible crystals? A)
Granite B) Rhyolite C) Basalt D) Gabbro E) Biotite - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- D

The _______ of an earthquake is the point on the faultsurface where seismic energy is first
released. A) epicenter B) focus C) scarp D) cognitional node E) amygdala - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- B

Say there is a Moment magnitude 6 earthquake, that is followed by an aftershock. Further,
say we know that the energy released by the aftershock is 1,000 (= 101.5×101.5) times
smaller than the energy released by the Moment magnitude 6 earthquake. What is the
Moment magnitude of the aftershock? A) 10 B) 4 C) 3.5 D) 5 E) 6 - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- B

Which point in figure (2) represents a magma that, if cooled quickly, would most likely form
basalt? A) point XX B) point ZZ C) point AA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- B

Suppose you are told that the area where you lived was once ashallow sea which has since
evaporated away. What kind of rock is most likely to be left behind by the evaporation of that
shallow sea? A) Clastic B) Metamorphic C) Biochemical D) Igneous E) Chemical -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- E

Which point in figure (2) represents a magma that, if cooled it cooled quickly, would most
likely form andesite? A) point XX B) point ZZ C) point AA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A

Decompression melting produces partial melting of rock as that experiences a decrease in
pressure (i.e., decompression). This occurs as the rock is being brought closer to Earth's
surface, lowering the pressure and thereby lowering the meltingtemperature of some of the
minerals in the rock. Which plate tectonic setting produces such de- compression melting?
A)Passive margin B)Subduction zone C)Transform Boundary D)Mid-Ocean Ridge
E)Continent-continent collision - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- D

,Looking at figure 3, which relative time principle assumes that rock layers I, B, F, and M are
older than the igneous intrusion H?A) inclusions B) original horizontality C) superposition D)
cross-cutting relationships - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- D

Suppose you pick up a rock that formed from pieces of weathered rocks. What type of rock
have you found? A) Metamorphic B) Chemical C) Biochemical D) Igneous E) Clastic -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- E

During mountain building, as crustal thickness increases, some of the added thickness goes
into deepening the root, and some adds to the height of the mountain range. Approximately
how much of an increase in crustal thickness is required to add 200 meters to the elevation of
a mountain range? A)10 meters B) 100 meters C) 200 meters D) 500 meters E) 1000 meters -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- E

In the context of science, how would you classify the following statement? Dinosaurs became
extinct because a large asteroid collided with Earth.

Observation
Hypothesis
Theory

No answer text provided. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Hypothesis

In 2005 the United States Congress mandated that NASA find 90 percent of large Near Earth
asteroids (NEAs)-those that have the potential to impact Earth-by the year 2020. This
mandate was created in response to recent scientific data indicating that large and devastating
impact events were common in Earth's geologic past and therefore will likely occur again in
the future. Many new NEAs have been discovered as a result of NASA's efforts and research
is under way to find ways to stop such impact events from occurring.
Which of the earth scientist's roles is best illustrated in this paragraph?

Ensuring the Future of Human Life
Protecting Against Natural Hazards
Protecting the Health of the Environment

Finding and Sustaining Earth's Resources - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- ensuring the future
of human life

, Luis and Walter Alvarez suggested the dinosaurs became extinct when an asteroid collided
with the earth. In support of this suggestion *they noted that the rare element iridium was
present in 65 million year old rock layers around the world.* The text between the asterisks
(*'s) is an example of a(n)
Theory
Prediction
Hypothesis

Observation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- observation

Pluto was discovered in 1930, becoming the 9th planet in the solar system. As telescopes
improved, other Sun-orbiting objects were discovered. Some of those were even larger than
Pluto. By 2005, it was becoming apparent that many more objects would soon be discovered
and that the number of planets in the Solar System could swell to as many as 50. After much
debate, scientists in the International Astronomical Union (IAU) concluded that Pluto and the
other similar celestial bodies orbiting the Sun should be classified as "dwarf" planets. Since a
"planet" must clear the space surrounding its orbit, our Solar system now has 8 planets.
Why weren't the other Pluto-like objects discovered earlier?

Scientific explanations are tentative.
Science is limited by technology.
Scientific explanations make predictions.

Scientific hypotheses are falsifiable - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- science is limited by
technology

Within which component of the Earth system do plants and animals belong?
Geosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere

Biosphere - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- biosphere

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