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GEOG 203 Final Actual Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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GEOG 203 Final Actual Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers physiognomic classification - CORRECT ANSWER- - Based on functional + morphological attributes - Groups plants simply upon similarities in structure or life form - e.g. height, leaf shape, branching 2 individuals may have similar st...

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  • September 26, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • geog 203 final
  • geog 203
  • geog

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GEOG 203 Final Actual Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
physiognomic classification - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Based on functional +
morphological attributes
- Groups plants simply upon similarities in structure or life form - e.g. height, leaf shape,
branching


2 individuals may have similar structure, but be genetically distant (e.g. if they are adapted to
similar environments)
- E.g. Tree, shrub


Biogeography - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The study of the distribution of organisms (plants
and animals), the diverse spatial patterns they create, and the physical and biological
processes, past of present, that produce Earth's species richness


phytogeography - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔biogeography applied to plants



Historical biogeography - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Reconstructing the origin, dispersal
and extinction of taxa and biotas


Ecological biogeography - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Accounting for present distributions in
terms of interactions between organisms and their physical and biotic environments


Paleoecology - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔relationships between organisms and past
environments


Species - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Basic unit of classification
- Group of organisms with structural, functional, and developmental similarities
- Group of organisms where all members do or have the potential to breed with one another
and produce fertile offspring
- Each has a unique two-part name - denoted with italics
(Genus capitalized - must include genus and species epithet)

,Linnean classification - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Hierarchical levels of taxonomic
classification are based upon evolutionary relationships, assuming relationships in genetic
(DNA) structure


Taxonomic Hierarchy - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species


Tree - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Perennial, erect woody plant having a single upright main
trunk


Shrub - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Woody plant having several stems branching near the
ground


Lianas - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Long-stemmed, woody vines that are rooted in the soil at
ground level and use trees, as well as other means of vertical support to climb up to the
canopy to get access to well-lit areas of the forest


Herbs or herbaceous plants - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Lack woody stems and are usually
of shorter stature than trees
--> Grasses, sedges and rushes = graminoids - have parallel venation - some graminoids can
be arboreal = the height of trees -e.g. papyrus = arboreal sedge common in tropical wetlands
--> Forbs - have dendritic or webbed venation


Epiphytes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Plants that use other plants as supporting structures
- Not rooted in the ground, and do not take nutrients or energy from the plant they grow on -
not parasitic
- Live entirely aboveground, supported physically, but not nutritionally by the structure of
other plants

,thallophytes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Lichens, mosses, liverworts, etc
- Require moist environments


Annual - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Lives a single season



Perennial - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Lives for multiple seasons



Deciduous - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Sheds leaves and becomes dormant in unfavourable
seasons


Evergreen - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Retains green foliage all year round



Forest - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Vegetation where trees grow close together - in mature
forests, we generally assume that canopies overlap
- Typically 4 layers: tree layer - includes crown which can comprise canopy, liana, epiphytes,
etc - Shrub layer, herb + moss layer
- Shrub layer - comprised of young trees and shorter shrubs - generally not continuous
- Herbs + thallophytes on forest floor - in temperate and deciduous forest they grow most in
the spring and late fall when light is available


Temperate regions - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Lie between the tropical and polar regions
- Generally relatively moderate temperatures


Woodland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Vegetation where trees are spaced so that crowns are
separated


The Kyoto Protocol - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The ultimate goal is to achieve stabilization
of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous
anthropogenic interference with the climate system


Net changes in greenhouse gas emissions determined by considering: - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔- Reductions in emissions by sources

, - Removals of sinks resulting from direct human-induced land-use changes
- Forestry activity - creation of sinks: afforestation, reforestation - removal of sinks:
deforestation


Afforestation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔- Planting of new forests on lands which
historically have not contained forest
- Historically ambiguous term - if you look far enough in the past, most places had forests at
some point


Reforestation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Planting of forests on lands which have
historically previously contained forest but have been converted to some other land use


Deforestation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Not defined in kyoto protocol, but presumably
conversion of forests to non-forest (pasture or cropland)


UNFCC Forest definition - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Min area = 0.05-1 ha
Crown cover = 10-30%
Height = 2-5m at maturity


CBD forest definition - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Min area > 0.5 ha
Min height = 5 m
Min crown cover = 10%


FAO forest definition - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Min area = 0.5 ha
Min height = 5m
Crown cover = 10%
Years = 10
Strip width = 20 m


2 most important environmental factors influencing plant growth - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Water
Temperature

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