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Geoscience Exam 2 || A Verified A+ Pass.

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Different Types of Rivers correct answers 1. Dendritic (looks like a dendrite) 2.Radial (looks like lots of dendrites going into one area) 3. Rectangular 4. Trellis (looks like a tree) What kind of drainage pattern exists around Happy Valley? correct answers -Dendritic or trellis Measurin...

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  • September 26, 2024
  • 11
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • Geoscience
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Geoscience Exam 2 || A Verified A+ Pass.
Different Types of Rivers correct answers 1. Dendritic (looks like a dendrite)
2.Radial (looks like lots of dendrites going into one area)
3. Rectangular
4. Trellis (looks like a tree)

What kind of drainage pattern exists around Happy Valley? correct answers -Dendritic or trellis

Measuring sediment transport correct answers Discharge=A x v
A= channel area
v= tree velocity

Which type of river geometry characterizes northern Pennsylvania correct answers Trellis

Competence correct answers A measure of the largest particle that a stream can transport

Capacity correct answers The amount of sediment that a stream can transport

How would you describe the Mississippi River at the point where it meets the Gulf of Mexico
correct answers Low competence and high capacity

Narrow Mountain Streams correct answers High competence, low capacity

Wide Meandering Streams correct answers Low Competence, high capacity

Straight Channel correct answers Maximum velocity in the center of the stream

Curved Channel correct answers Maximum Velocity is on the side

If a meandering stream scours a bank at a sharp bend, where does the sediment go correct
answers - It is deposited on an opposite side of a scoured bank
- It is transported far downstream

Seasonal Floods correct answers -Occur over regular intervals due to heavy snow or melts
-Are very dangerous
-Can be assign an annual probability--> Annual probability= 1/Recurrence Interval- if a certain
flood stage is achieved every 10 years, then annual probability = 1/10=10%

Flash Floods correct answers -Result from events that lead to rapid and often catastrophic rise in
water level
- Caused by dam collapses or isolated thunderstorms in arid regions
-Megafloods occurred when ice dams created by glaciers gave way

Sedimentary Rocks correct answers -Form from pre-existing rocks at the surface of the Earth
-Temperature and pressures are LOW

, -Can incorporate sediments from igneous, metamorphic and reworked sedimentary rocks

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks (or Detrital) correct answers Sedimentary particles are held together
by pressure and cement

Chemical Sedimentary Rocks correct answers Minerals precipitate from solution

Lithification correct answers The process by which loose and unconsolidated sediment is turned
into a rock

Which would you guess is the most important criterion for classifying clastic sedimentary rocks
correct answers - The minerals that make up the clasts
-The size of the largest clasts
-The angularity of the clasts
-The uniformity of clast size

River Deposits correct answers -Dirty Sandstones
-Clasts- sand grains

Floodplain Deposits correct answers -Shales
- Clasts: Mud

Shale Facts correct answers - Shales the the most abundant of the clastic sedimentary rocks
-Form from finest particles transported far from source rock
1. Floodplains of rivers
2. Lake Beds
3. Ocean Bottom
- Color ranges from black (organics) to green (clays) to red (hematite)

The sedimentary rocks of Ordovician age (450 Ma) in southeastern PA are congomerates.
Ordovician rocks in central PA are sandstones and shales. What does this imply correct answers
During the Ordovician, mountains were located in southeastern PA and central PA was flatter

Chemical Sedimentary Rocks correct answers -Form when minerals precipitate from water
solutions (precipitation= crystallization)
- Typically form when water solutions are supersaturated with respect to the mineral
-Causes of supersaturation
Loss of water from evaporation- Evaporites
Biological pumping of mineral components into solution to make shells- Limestone

Which of the following processes is least important in te lithification of loose sediment correct
answers Increased weathering of sediment particles

If State College is underlain by limestones that are 450 million years old, what might you
surmise about this area at that time correct answers -State College lay beneath a shallow sea
- State College was located near the equator

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