geoscience rocks || with Accurate Answers 100%.
rock cycle correct answers A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly
change rocks from one kind to another; involves three major kinds of rocks: igneous,
sedimentary, and metamorphic
igneous rock correct answers rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens
sedimentary rock correct answers A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or
the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
metamorphic rock correct answers Igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed into a new
kind of rock as a result of great pressure and temperature
magma correct answers Hot, melted rock material BENEATH earth's surface
crystal correct answers the repeating pattern of a mineral's particles in a solid, a rock formed by
the solidification of a substance
mineral correct answers a naturally occurring inorganic solid made up of an element or a
combination of elements that has an ordered arrangement of atoms and a characteristic chemical
composition.
erosion correct answers removal of sediment by the action of wind or water; moves broken rock
from higher to lower elevations
lava correct answers magma that erupts onto Earth's surface
sediment correct answers loose materials, such as rock fragments,mineral grains, and the remains
of once-living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
geosphere correct answers The mostly soild, rocky part of the earth; extends from the center of
the core to the surfaceof the crust.
inner core correct answers The solid, inner most layer of the Earth, composed of iron and nickel
under extremely high pressure and temperature
outer core correct answers The layer of the Earth's interior located between the inner core and
mantle, composed of iron and nickel in a liquid state
mantle correct answers makes up most of the geosphere; has moderate density because it
contains iron and magnesium with some lighter elements such as silicon and oxygen
asthenosphere correct answers The solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere;
made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it;
temperature variations make it unstable
, crust correct answers the thin and solid outermost layer of earth above the mantle
oceanic crust correct answers earths crust located under the ocean
continental crust correct answers the thicker lower-density crust that makes up earth's continents;
about 30 miles thick
lithosphere correct answers The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the
rigid upper part of the mantle; breakable source of earthquakes and volcanoes
compaction/cementation correct answers sediments are squeezed and solidified into sedimentary
rock
weathering correct answers the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents,
such as wind, rain, and temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks
soil horizon correct answers Horizontal depth zones that make up a soil. Each horizon has a
distinct texture and composition that vary with different types of soil; produced by weathering.
o horizon correct answers The uppermost horizon of soil, primarily made up of organic material
and humus
"A" horizon correct answers A biologically active soil layer consisting of a mixture of mineral
materials, such as clay, silt, and sand, as well as organic material, derived from the overlying O
horizon; generally characterized by leaching;
where organic and mineral materials are mixed; humus gives it a dark color
"B" horizon correct answers Also called, "subsoil" and usually consists of clay and other
particles washed down from the topsoil layer.
"C" horizon correct answers The layer of soil that lies below the B horizon. It contains rock
particles that are larger and less weathered than the layers above. It consists of parent material
(bedrock) that has been altered only slightly or not at all by the process of soil formation.
"R" horizon correct answers The bedrock, which lies below all of the other layers of soil, is
referred to as the R horizon.
humus correct answers dark, organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants
and animals
biological processes correct answers aid physical and chemical weathering; includes
microorganisms, burrowning animals that add organic debris such as decaying plants, and evolve
CO2 that form weak acids.
rock cycle correct answers A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly
change rocks from one kind to another; involves three major kinds of rocks: igneous,
sedimentary, and metamorphic
igneous rock correct answers rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens
sedimentary rock correct answers A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or
the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
metamorphic rock correct answers Igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed into a new
kind of rock as a result of great pressure and temperature
magma correct answers Hot, melted rock material BENEATH earth's surface
crystal correct answers the repeating pattern of a mineral's particles in a solid, a rock formed by
the solidification of a substance
mineral correct answers a naturally occurring inorganic solid made up of an element or a
combination of elements that has an ordered arrangement of atoms and a characteristic chemical
composition.
erosion correct answers removal of sediment by the action of wind or water; moves broken rock
from higher to lower elevations
lava correct answers magma that erupts onto Earth's surface
sediment correct answers loose materials, such as rock fragments,mineral grains, and the remains
of once-living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
geosphere correct answers The mostly soild, rocky part of the earth; extends from the center of
the core to the surfaceof the crust.
inner core correct answers The solid, inner most layer of the Earth, composed of iron and nickel
under extremely high pressure and temperature
outer core correct answers The layer of the Earth's interior located between the inner core and
mantle, composed of iron and nickel in a liquid state
mantle correct answers makes up most of the geosphere; has moderate density because it
contains iron and magnesium with some lighter elements such as silicon and oxygen
asthenosphere correct answers The solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere;
made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it;
temperature variations make it unstable
, crust correct answers the thin and solid outermost layer of earth above the mantle
oceanic crust correct answers earths crust located under the ocean
continental crust correct answers the thicker lower-density crust that makes up earth's continents;
about 30 miles thick
lithosphere correct answers The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the
rigid upper part of the mantle; breakable source of earthquakes and volcanoes
compaction/cementation correct answers sediments are squeezed and solidified into sedimentary
rock
weathering correct answers the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents,
such as wind, rain, and temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks
soil horizon correct answers Horizontal depth zones that make up a soil. Each horizon has a
distinct texture and composition that vary with different types of soil; produced by weathering.
o horizon correct answers The uppermost horizon of soil, primarily made up of organic material
and humus
"A" horizon correct answers A biologically active soil layer consisting of a mixture of mineral
materials, such as clay, silt, and sand, as well as organic material, derived from the overlying O
horizon; generally characterized by leaching;
where organic and mineral materials are mixed; humus gives it a dark color
"B" horizon correct answers Also called, "subsoil" and usually consists of clay and other
particles washed down from the topsoil layer.
"C" horizon correct answers The layer of soil that lies below the B horizon. It contains rock
particles that are larger and less weathered than the layers above. It consists of parent material
(bedrock) that has been altered only slightly or not at all by the process of soil formation.
"R" horizon correct answers The bedrock, which lies below all of the other layers of soil, is
referred to as the R horizon.
humus correct answers dark, organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants
and animals
biological processes correct answers aid physical and chemical weathering; includes
microorganisms, burrowning animals that add organic debris such as decaying plants, and evolve
CO2 that form weak acids.
