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PSYC 3230- Exam 1 with complete solutions 2024_2025
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PSYC 3230- Exam 1 with complete solutions 2024_2025
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PSYC 3230- Exam 1 with completesolutions 2024/2025
Definition of a psychological disorder - ANSWER-a psychological dysfunction
within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a
response that is not typical or culturally expected
How culture influences the study and definition of psychological disorder -
ANSWER-Culture can influence the definition of a psychological disorder
because different cultures have differing cultural norms. The more someone
deviates from the cultural norm the more abnormal that persons disorder is seen
Distinctions among, id, ego, and superego - ANSWER-ID: the overriding goal of
maximizing pleasure and eliminating and associated tension or conflicts.
Associated with primary processes such as emotional, irrational, and illogical,
sex, aggression, selfishness, and envy.
EGO: Part of our mind that ensures that we react realistically. This is
characterized by logic and reasoning and referred to as the secondary processs
SUPEREGO: Our conscience or our moral principles instilled by our parents and
culture
Operant versus classical conditioning - ANSWER-CLASSICAL: learning in which
a neutral stimulus is paired with a response until it elicits a response
, OPERANT: a type of learning in which behavior changes as a function of what
follows the behavior
Dorothea Dix - ANSWER-Her work was known as the MENTAL HYGIENE
MOVEMENT. She wanted everyone who needed care to receive it in the most
humane way possible.
John B. Watson - ANSWER-The founder of behaviorism
B. F. Skinner - ANSWER-Initiated the study of operant conditioning/ behavior
therapy
Ivan Pavlov - ANSWER-Initiated the study of classical conditioning / behavior
therapy
Galen/Hippocrates - ANSWER-together they created the Humoral theory of
disorders which associated psychological disorders with a chemical imbalance
for the first time. The four humors= heat, dryness, moisture, and cold
Anton Mesmer - ANSWER-Regarded as the father of hypnosis, a state in which
extremely suggestible subjects sometimes appear to be in a trance. Also believed
that patients problems were due to "animal magnetism" which was an
undetectable fluid found in all living organisms
Abraham Maslow - ANSWER-The creator of the HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
beginning with the most basic needs to the most complex
Jerome Wakefield - ANSWER-Said a psychological disorder was classified as a
harmful dysfunction. He also put emphasis on the fact that a psychological
disorder serves as something harmful to an individual and/or those around them
Anna O. - ANSWER-A young women who developed psychological problems after
her father's death that included blindness, loss of control of limbs, and
unpredictable behavior. She was treated by hypnosis and talking through her
problems.
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