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OB HESI Concept 2021 (Evolve EAQ) Questions and Answers

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OB HESI Concept 2021 (Evolve EAQ) Questions and Answers A pregnant woman has been prescribed folic acid by the primary health care provider. What explanation should the nurse give to the patient about the importance of taking folic acid during pregnancy? "Folic acid: A. Can prevent neural tube ...

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  • September 30, 2024
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OB HESI Concept 2021 (Evolve EAQ)
Questions and Answers
A pregnant woman has been prescribed folic acid by the primary health care provider.
What explanation should the nurse give to the patient about the importance of taking
folic acid during pregnancy? "Folic acid:

A. Can prevent neural tube defects in the fetus."

B. Helps in the formation of bones in the fetus."

C. Prevents the onset of Rett syndrome in the fetus."

D. Helps in the formation of coagulation factors." - answer ANS: A

Rationale:
Folic acid is required for the formation of neural tube in the fetus. Therefore folic acid is
prescribed to the patient during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects. Calcium is
required for the formation of bones in the fetus. Rett syndrome results from a protein
mutation in a gene and has no relation to folic acid. Coagulation factors are formed by
vitamin K after childbirth. Folic acid will not help in the formation of bone, prevention of
Rett syndrome, or the formation of coagulating factors in the newborn.

While assessing a patient 1 week after birth, the nurse notes vaginal atrophy
characterized by drying and thinning of the vaginal lining. What can the nurse infer from
these findings? The patient has:

A. Low levels of estrogen.

B. High blood glucose levels.

C. Symptoms of cystic fibrosis.

D. Symptoms of vaginal cancer. - answer ANS: A

Low levels of estrogen.

Rationale:
Vaginal atrophy is a common finding that can be observed in a patient after childbirth,
during lactation, and at menopause. It is characterized by dryness and decreased
thickness of the vaginal walls. Estrogen plays a major role in maintaining tissue
integrity. The estrogen levels decrease after childbirth, so the vaginal wall becomes thin
and dry. An increase in the blood glucose levels is a symptom of diabetes and does not

, affect the thickness of the vaginal wall. The symptoms of cystic fibrosis are weight loss,
constipation, and increased risk of infections. The symptoms of vaginal cancer are pain
in the pelvic area and presence of lump or lumps in the vagina. Therefore, drying and
decrease in the thickness of the vaginal wall does not indicate the presence of vaginal
cancer or cystic fibrosis.

A 2-year-old is admitted in the pediatrics division with an edematous face and pruritus
involving lips and tongue. The parents tell the nurse that the child has eaten pineapple
for the first time. What does the nurse infer from the condition of the child? The child is
suffering from:

A. allergy syndrome.

B. immediate gastrointestinal hypersensitivity.

C. marasmus.

D. kwashiorkor. - answer ANS: A

allergy syndrome

Rationale:

Oral allergy syndrome occurs when a food allergen, usually fruits or vegetables, is
ingested. Swelling of the face is associate with pruritus of tongue, lips, palate, and
throat. Immediate gastrointestinal hypersensitivity is characterized by nausea,
abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, and vomiting. This type of food reaction is
mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Marasmus and kwashiorkor are caused by
protein-energy malnutrition. These diseases are not allergic reactions and are caused
by protein and vitamin deficiencies.

What should the nurse teach to assist a woman in regaining control of the urinary
sphincter?

A. Do Kegel exercises.

B. Void every hour while awake.

C. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water each day.

D. Allow the bladder to become distended before voiding. - answer ANS: A

Do Kegel exercises.

When evaluating the extent of an infant's dehydration, the nurse should recognize that
the symptoms of severe dehydration include:

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