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UTA A&P Exam 2 Questions with All Correct Answers

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UTA A&P Exam 2 Questions with All Correct Answers Compact bones: Osteons - Answer- - surrounds the canal are concentric lamellae - between the lamellae are small spaces called lacunae which contain osteocytes - lacunae are tiny canaliculi filled with extracellular fluid - canaliculi connect...

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  • October 3, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • uta ap
  • uta ap exam 2
  • uta ap exam 2 questions with all correct answers

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UTA A&P Exam 2 Questions with
All Correct Answers
Compact bones: Osteons - Answer- - surrounds the canal are concentric lamellae
- between the lamellae are small spaces called lacunae which contain osteocytes
- lacunae are tiny canaliculi filled with extracellular fluid
- canaliculi connect lacunae, forming a system of interconnected canals
--provides routes for nutrients & oxygen to reach the osteocytes

Bone is richly supplied with - Answer- Vessels
- periosteal vessels
- endosteal vessels
- epiphyseal vessels
- nutrient vessels
Nerves accompany blood & lympathic vessel that supply bones

Ossification - Answer- process of bone formation
- occurs during the sixth week of embryonic development

bone formations occurs in 4 situtations - Answer- 1. formation of bone in an embryo
2. growth of bones until adulthood
3. remodeling of bone
4. repair of fractures

Bone in Embryo - Answer- begins with cartilage or collagen formation

Bone formation: Intramembranous ossification - Answer- from collagens
- flat bones of the skull, mandible, maxilla, pelvis, & clavicle are formed this way
- 'soft spot' helps fetal skull pass through birth canal & later become ossified

Bone formation: Endochondral ossification - Answer- from cartilage
- replacement of a cartilage model by bone
- most bone are formed this way, including long bones

epiphyseal plate - Answer- - Growth plate
- made of cartilage
- gradually ossifies

growth in length - Answer- - cartilage continually grows
- is replaced by bone

, epiphyseal line - Answer- remnant of the epiphyseal plate, seen in adult bones

Growth in thickness - Answer- Bones grow in thickness at the outer surface

remodeling of bone - Answer- - Bone forms before birth and continually renews itself
- The ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue
- Old bone is continually destroyed and new bone is formed in its place throughout an
individual's life

Normal bone metabolism depends on several factors: - Answer- 1. Minerals
- large amounts of calcium and phosphorus and smaller amounts of magnesium,
fluroide, and manganese are required for bone growth and remodeling
2. Vitamins
- Vitamin A stimulates activity of osteoblasts
- Vitamin C needed for synthesis of collagen
- Vitamin D helps build bone by increasing the absorptions of calcium from foods
- Vitamins K & B12 needed for synthesis of bone proteins
3. Hormones
- Estrogen & Testosterone
- Parathyroid hormones (PTH), Calcitriol, & Calcitonin

open (compound) fracture - Answer- broken bone penetrates through the skin

closed (simple) fracture - Answer- break that does not penetrate the skin

comminuted fracture - Answer- fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed into
pieces

greenstick fracture - Answer- one in which the bone is bent and only partially broken

impacted fracture - Answer- broken bone ends are forced into each other

Pott's fracture - Answer- fracture of the fibula, with injury of the tibial articulation

Colles fracture - Answer- fracture of the distal radius at the wrist

stress fracture - Answer- a small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic,
excessive impact

repair of bone fractures - Answer- 1. hematoma forms
- blood leaks from the torn end of blood vessels & clotted mass of blood forms around
the site
2. fibrocartilage callus forms
- fibroblasts invade the fracture site & produce collagen fibers
3. bony callus forms

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