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Best Physics chapter SOUND notes Complete Summarised Chapter for Exams
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Hey there, future physicist! Are you ready to conquer the world of physics? Whether you're struggling with concepts or just want to boost your grades, these notes are designed just for you! What’s Inside? Clear explanations of complex topics Diagrams and illustrations to visualize con...

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  • October 5, 2024
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Class 9th

PHYSICS
SOUND
Sound
• Sound is a form of energy which produces a sensation of hearing in our ears.
• The matter or substance through which sound is transmitted is called a Medium.

Sound Waves
• A wave is a disturbance that moves through a medium when the particles of the medium set neighboring particles
into motion.
• Sound waves are characterized by the motion of particles in the medium and are called mechanical waves.
• Compression : When a vibrating object moves forward, it pushes and compresses the air in front of it creating a
region of high pressure. This region is called a compression (C).
• Rarefaction : When the vibrating object moves backwards, it creates a region of low pressure called rarefaction.

Sounds needs a medium to travel
• Sound needs a material medium for its propagation. It does not travel through vacuum.

Types of Waves
• LONGITUDINAL WAVES : In these waves the individual particles of the medium move in a direction parallel
to the direction of propagation of the disturbance.
• TRANSVERSE WAVES : In a transverse wave particles do not oscillate along the line of wave propagation but
oscillate up and down about their mean position as the wave travels.

Characteristics of Sound Waves
• We describe a sound wave by its :
1. SPEED
2. AMPLITUDE
3. FREQUENCY

• A peak is called the crest and a valley is called the trough of a wave.
• The distance between two consecutive compressions (C) or two consecutive rarefactions (R) is called the
wavelength.
• The number of such oscillations per unit time is the frequency of the sound wave.
• The time taken by two consecutive compressions or rarefactions to cross a fixed point is called the time period of
the wave.
• The way in which the brain interprets the frequency of a sound is called Pitch.
• The faster the vibration of the source, the higher is the frequency and the higher is the pitch.
• The magnitude of the maximum disturbance in the medium on either side of the mean value is called the amplitude
of the wave.
• The loudness or softness of a sound is determined basically by its amplitude.
• The quality or timber of sound is that characteristic which enables us to distinguish one sound from another having
the same pitch and loudness.
• A sound of a single frequency is called a tone.
• The sound which is produced due to a mixture of several frequencies is called a note.
• The speed of sound is defined as the distance at which a point on a wave, such as a compression or a rarefaction,
travels per unit time.
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