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SLCC Bio 1610 Test -1 Study Guide with complete solutions
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SLCC Bio 1610 Test #1 Study Guide withcomplete solutions
Hierarchy of Life
Atom
Molecule
Macromolecule
Organelle
cell
Tissue
Organ
organ system
Organisms
Population
Community
Ecosystem
biome
finally biosphere.
Emergent properties
-Result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system
(For example, a functioning bicycle emerges only
when all of the necessary parts connect in the correct
way)
Reductionism
,complex systems are reduced to simpler components to make them more
manageable to study
Biologists today complement reductionism with____________ orthe exploration
of a biological system by analyzing the interactions among its parts
Systems biology
Evolution
explains patterns of unity and diversity in living organisms
Prokaryote
lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles and are generally smaller
than eukaryotic cells
Eurkaryote
contains membrane-enclosed organelles, including a DNA-containing nucleus
(Some organelles, such as the chloroplast, are limited only to certain cell types,
that is, those that carry out photosynthesis)
3 Biological Domains
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring
Genes
the process of converting information from gene to cellular product
Gene Expression
Similar traits among organisms are explained by descent from
Common ancestors
Differences among organisms are explained by the accumulation of
, Heritable changes
Domains Bacteria and Archaea are
Prokatyotes
4 Major classifications of Eukarya
Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
What book did Charles Darwin write?
The origin of species
Darwin observed that-
-Individuals in a population vary in their traits, many of which are heritable
-More offspring are produced than survive, and competition is inevitable
-Species generally suit their environment
Darwin inferred that-
-Individuals that are best suited to their environment are more likely to survive
and reproduce
-Over time, more individuals in a population will have the advantageous traits
natural selection
the environment "selects" for the propagation of beneficial traits
Natural selection is not
survival of the fittest
What is Science?
a Latin verb meaning "to know"
Inductive reasoning
generalizations are drawn from a large number of observations
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