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NUR 105 Gastro Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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  • Gastroenterology
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  • Gastroenterology

The main function of the GI system along with the pancreas and liver - Answer-Digestion Elimination Secretion Absorption Motility The lumen (inner wall) consists of... - Answer-Mucosa Submucosa Muscularis Serosa Increases peristalsis - Answer-parasympathetic Decreases peristalsis -...

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  • October 8, 2024
  • 33
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nur 105 gastro exam questions with correct answers
  • the main function of the gi system along with the

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  • Gastroenterology

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NUR 105 Gastro Exam Questions with
Correct Answers
The main function of the GI system along with the pancreas and liver - Answer-
Digestion
Elimination
Secretion
Absorption
Motility

The lumen (inner wall) consists of... - Answer-Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

Increases peristalsis - Answer-parasympathetic

Decreases peristalsis - Answer-sympathetic

Food must be broken down into this liquid in order for absorption to take place -
Answer-Chyme

Mechanical and chemical process in which complex foods are broken down into simpler
forms - Answer-Digestion

Carried out as the nutrients produced by digestion move from the lumen into circulatory
system - Answer-Absorption

extends from pharynx to stomach - Answer-esophagus

Moves food and fluids from pharynx to stomach and is a muscular canal - Answer-
esophagus

What is the purpose of the sphincter? - Answer-To prevent reflux of gastric contents into
esophagus

Responsible for gastric motility - Answer-Smooth stomach cells

Secretes hydrochloric acid
Produce intrinsic factor- substance that aids in absorption of Vitamin B - Answer-
Parietal cells

Absence of parietal cells cause... - Answer-Pernicious anemia

,Functions as a food reservoir where the digestive process begins - Answer-Stomach

Alpha cells produce - Answer-glucagon

Beta cells produce - Answer-insulin

Gland that lies behind stomach
Functions as endocrine and exocrine gland
Contains islets of Langerhans cells - Answer-Pancreas

Exocrine pancreas - Answer-Aids in digestion

Endocrine pancreas - Answer-Produces insulin

Essential in regulation of metabolism - Answer-Alpha and beta cells

Largest organ in body - Answer-Liver

Functions in storage, protection and metabolism of proteins, breaks down amino acids
to remove ammonia
Secretes bile-essential for breakdown of fat - Answer-Liver

Underneath the liver
Collects, concentrates and stores bile - Answer-Gallbladder

Longest and most convoluted portion of digestive tract
What are the parts of it?
Functions: movement, digestion and absorption - Answer-Small intestine
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Consists of ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon
___ empties into rectum
Functions: movement, absorption and elimination - Answer-Large intestine
Sigmoid

In the oral cavity, what is some history r/t nutrition in aging? - Answer-Dentures
Dysphagia
Smoking hx

In GI system, what history r/t aging is necessary to know? - Answer-Change in weight
Appetite
Hx of abd. surgery
Regular BM- laxative use, NSAIDs, herbal use

In liver system, what history r/t aging is important? - Answer-Assess for drug toxicity

,How does drug toxicity occur in the elderly? - Answer-Decrease in cells = decrease
enzyme activity = decrease drug metabolism = increase drug toxicitiy

What economic concerns associated with aging in the GI system? - Answer-Can they
acquire food?

Assessment techniques for GI history - Answer-Family hx
Personal hx
Changing in eating/weight
Nutrition history- changes in weight
anorexia
dyspepsia- heartburn
nausea
caffeine use

How to assess current health problems? - Answer-OLD CARTS- onset, location,
duration, quality, quantity, timing, aggravating factors

Often 1st sign of GI issues - Answer-Changes in bowel habits

Specific GI problems - Answer-Changes in bowel habits
unintentional weight gain or loss
smoking or other tobacco products
Changes in skin color- assess for jaundice and pallor

Skin changes r/t GI disorders - Answer-Discoloration
Rashes
Itching
Jaundice
Pallor
Increased susceptibility to bruising
Increased tendency to bleed

Mouth and pharynx assessment - Answer-Inspect and palpate including lymph nodes
looking for mass and tenderness

Abdomen and extremities assessment - Answer-Inspection for symmetry and distention
and auscultation listening to borborygmic bowel sounds- hyperactive
Percussion and palpation

Laboratory tests for GI - Answer-H/H
Clotting factors- PTT
Electrolytes
Assays of liver enzymes- lipase and amylase-liver and pancreas disease
Ammonia- elevated in liver disease
Bilirubin

, Urine tests- amylase, urine urobilinogen
Stool tests-fecal occult blood tests
Radiographic exam

Primary pigment in bile - Answer-bilirubin

Increases with pancreatitis - Answer-Urine tests- amylase

Helps detect hepatic obstruction - Answer-Urobilinogen

R/t antibiotic overuse - Answer-C. Diff

What does a fecal occult blood test for? - Answer-Ova parasites
C. Diff

Check function of stomach, esophagus, and small bowel - Answer-Radiographic exam-
upper GI series- UGI or Barium Swallow

Before/After GI series and small bowel series test - Answer-Before:
Maintain NPO for 8 hours
Withhold analgesics and anticholinergics for 24 hours
Client drinks 16 oz. of barium
After:
Drink Plenty of fluids
Administer mild laxative/stool softener
Educate stools will be chalky white 24-72 hrs following

Enhances radiographic visualization of the large intestine
-identifies polyps, tumors, obstructions or lesions of the colon
Education for patient after/before - Answer-Barium enema
-Only clear liquids given 12-24 hours before test
NPO night before
Bowel cleansing
After-
Expel Barium
Drink plenty of fluids
Stool chalky white

Uses dye with percutaneous needle often done with jaundice or persistent upper abd.
pain
X-ray study of the biliary duct system
Before/After? - Answer-Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography

Before:
Laxative
NPO 12 hours prior

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