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EXAM 1 Pathophysiology of GI System Questions and Answers
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What is the function of the gallbladder? - Answer-stores bile secreted by the liver 90% of absorption occurs in the: - Answer-small intestine --duodenum GI accessory glands include: - Answer-salivary glands liver pancreas Chemical digestion of food occurs via the production of: - Answe...

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  • October 8, 2024
  • 11
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • exam 1 pathophysiology of gi system questions and
  • what is the function of the gallbladder answer

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  • Gastroenterology
  • Gastroenterology

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EXAM 1 Pathophysiology of GI System
Questions and Answers
What is the function of the gallbladder? - Answer-stores bile secreted by the liver

90% of absorption occurs in the: - Answer-small intestine
--duodenum

GI accessory glands include: - Answer-salivary glands
liver
pancreas

Chemical digestion of food occurs via the production of: - Answer-gastric acid
enzymes
bile

Fatty acids are absorbed as: - Answer-monomers (ex. triglycerides, cholesterol,
phospholipids)

___________________________ usually precedes vomiting. - Answer-nausea,
retching
hypersalivation
tachycardia

What are the possible causes of vomiting? - Answer-severe pain
distention of stomach, duodenum
torsion or trauma of low abdomen
drug activation of medulla chemoreceptor (CTZ)

Which neurotransmitter stimulates the emetic center? - Answer-5HT

Projectile vomiting may be associated with __________________. - Answer-neurologic
lesions
tumors
aneurysms

Vomiting may be described as the opposite of: - Answer-peristalsis

Constipation is defined as infrequent or difficult defecation less than ________ times
per __________. - Answer-less than 3 times per week

What are the possible causes of constipation? - Answer-neurogenic disorders of large
intestine
functional/mechanical conditions

, low-residue diet
sedentary lifestyle
excessive use of antacids
changes in bowel habits

Diarrhea is defined as increased volume, fluidity, and weight of the feces, greater than
___________g each or more than ____________ times per day. - Answer->200g each
>3 times per day

What are the possible causes of diarrhea? - Answer-colon water content
unabsorbed food
unabsorbed material
increased intestinal secretion

What are the different types of diarrhea? - Answer-osmotic: too much water in bowels
secretory: electrolyte absorption is impaired
motility

Systemic effects of diarrhea include: - Answer-dehydration
electrolyte imbalance
metabolic acidosis

Primary treatment for diarrhea includes: - Answer-restoration fluids/electrolyte balance

Parietal Pain - Answer-localized, intense sharp pain
--from parietal peritoneum

Visceral Pain - Answer-dull and difficult to describe
referred pain
--from abdominal organs

What is a peptic ulcer? - Answer-sore in the lining of stomach (gastric ulcer) or small
intestine (duodenal ulcer)

What is a mesenteric thrombosis? - Answer-blood clot in the fold of tissue that attaches
the small intestines to the back of the abdominal wall
---may cause abdominal pain

Upper GI bleeding may occur in: - Answer-esophagus
stomach
duodenum

Lower GI bleeding may occur in: - Answer-jejunum
ileum
colon
rectum

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