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Microbiology MCB 3020 EXAM 1 Questions with Latest Update
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organisms can classified by microbiologists into 2 parts: - Answer-cellular and acellular Cellular microorganisms include: - Answer-fungi, protists, bacteria, archaea Fungi contains? - Answer-Yeasts (unicellular) and mold (multicellular) Protists contain? - Answer-Algae (photosynthetic) P...

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  • October 9, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • microbiology mcb 3020 exam 1 questions with latest
  • organisms can classified by microbiologists into 2

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Microbiology MCB 3020 EXAM 1
Questions with Latest Update
organisms can classified by microbiologists into 2 parts: - Answer-cellular and acellular

Cellular microorganisms include: - Answer-fungi, protists, bacteria, archaea

Fungi contains? - Answer-Yeasts (unicellular) and mold (multicellular)

Protists contain? - Answer-Algae (photosynthetic)
Protozoa (hunters and grazers)
Slime Molds (diseases in plants)

Bacteria contain? - Answer-peptidoglycan cell wall
-single celled usually
-ubiquitous
-extreme environments
-lack membrane bound nucleus
-some cause diseases or cancers

Archea contain? - Answer--lack peptidoglycan cell wall
-unique metabolic characteristics
-unique membrane lipids
-extremophiles
unique rRNA sequences

Eukarya domain contains/characteristics? - Answer-Protists, Fungi.
Large in size
complex structures

Acellular micro-organism are made up of ? - Answer-Viruses, Viroids, Satellites, Prions

What do viruses contain? - Answer-- Require hosts to replicate
-composed of protein and nucleic acids
-Smallest microbes
-causes diseases

Viroids? - Answer-composed of RNA only.
-infectious agents
- naked lacking protein shell pieces of rna.

Satellites? - Answer-nucleic acids enclosed in protein shells.
-must coinfect a host cell with a virus. (dependent)

,Prions? - Answer-infectious proteins. (misfolded)

What are microbes general functions? - Answer--populous/diverse
-ubiquitous
-recycle essential elements
-benefit society
-causes some diseases
-human microbiome

scientists were able to compare structures of cells with the use of ? - Answer-electron
microscopes

microbiologists have determined the _____________ characteristics of many different
organisms. - Answer-physiological (study of chemical processes)

in the 1970s _________________________, nucleic acid sequences to determine the
splitting of bacteria and archae from ________________________________ - Answer-
Carl Woese compared rRNA , Prokaryotes

what determines if something is living? - Answer--cells and organization
-reproduction
-environmental stability
-growth/development
-metabolism/energy use
-regulation/homeostasis
-evolution

John Needham - Answer-experiment: mutton broth in flasks-->boiled-->sealed-->growth

Heinrich de Bary - Answer-showed that smut and rust fungi caused cereal crop
diseases

Antony van Leeuwenhoek - Answer-first person to observe and describe
microorganisms accurately

Lazzaro Spallanzani - Answer-experiment: broth in flasks--> sealed--> boiled--> no
growth

Ferdinand Cohn - Answer-discovered heat resistant bacteria could produce endospores

John tyndall - Answer-demonstrated that dust carries microorganisms + existence of
exceptionally heat-resistant forms of bacteria

MJ Berkely - Answer-demonstrated that the great Potato Blight of Ireland was caused
by a water mold

, louis pasteur - Answer-swan neck flask experiments

agostini bassi - Answer-showed that a disease of silkworms was caused by a fungus

francesco redi - Answer--discredited spontaneous generation
-showed that maggots on decaying meat came from fly eggs

Joseph Lister - Answer-system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from
entering wounds as well as methods for treating instruments.

Charles Chamberland - Answer-developed a porcelain filter to study tobacco mosaic
disease.

RObert Koch - Answer-established the relastionship between bacillus anthracis and
anthrax

edward Jenner - Answer-used a vaccination procedure to protect from small pox

What are Robert Kochs Postulates? - Answer-(1) The microorganism
must be found in abundance in all organisms suffering from disease, but should be
absent in healthy organisms.

(2) The microorganism
must be isolated and grown in
pure culture.

(3) When a healthy host is inoculated with
the organism, the host must show signs
of the original disease

(4) The same microorganism must be re-isolated
from the diseased host.

What are some of Koch's limitations of his postulates? - Answer--some organisms cant
be grown in pure culture
-humans cant be used in posulates (unethical)
-molecualre and genetic evidence may replace and overcome these limits.

What is microscopy? - Answer-The art of making the invisible seen via magnification,
contrast, stain etc

Light refraction? - Answer-manipulating light with magnifying lens and staining
structures.

reflection is light___________ an object, and refraction is when light ____________ an
object. - Answer-bouncing off, passes thru an object

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