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NU 545 CH 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
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NU 545 CH 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Cathelicidins Family of antimicrobial peptides that in humans has one member. Defensins antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial growth Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) soluble acute-phase protein in the blood that bin...

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  • October 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NU 545 CH 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Cathelicidins


Family of antimicrobial peptides that in humans has one member.


Defensins


antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial growth


Mannose-binding lectin (MBL)


soluble acute-phase protein in the blood that binds to mannose residues on pathogen surfaces and,

when bound, activates the complement system by the lectin pathway


Resistin-like molecule beta


Found in intestinal goblet cells, where it appears to protect against helminth infections.


Antimicrobial lectins


Lectin (carbohydrate binding protein) family with activity against Gram+ bacteria; C-type lectins


Bactericidal/permeability-inducing protein (BPI)


Stored in neutrophils and intestinal epithelium. Reacts with lipopolysaccharide on the surface of gram-

negative bacteria, resulting in bacterial lysis.


inflammatory response


nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection

,acute inflammatory response


series of cellular changes that bring blood to the site of an injury or infection.

1)vasodilation

2)increased vascular permeability

3)diapedesis


Diapedesis


Passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls into tissue


3 plasma protein systems


complement, clotting, kinin


proenzyme


an inactive precursor of an enzyme


complement system


A group of about 30 blood proteins that may amplify the inflammatory response, enhance phagocytosis,

or directly lyse extracellular pathogens.


3 pathways of complement system


classical, alternative, lectin


classical pathway


activated by antibodies bound to antigen, which interact with complement system. Begins with

activation of complement protein C1


lectin pathway

, mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface. It is antibody independent.


Anaphylaxotoxins


they induce rapid mast cell de granulation and release of histamine, causing vasodilation and increased

capillary permeability. Occur early in inflammation, close to the inflammatory site.


alternative pathway


activated by gram negative bacteria and fungal cell wall polysaccharides


complement cascade


a precise sequence of events, usually triggered by antigen-antibody complexes, in which each

component of the complement system is activated in turn


antigen-antibody complex


the complex formed when an antibody binds to an antigen.


C3 convertase


the enzyme complex that catalyzes a crucial step in complement activation—the deposition of large

numbers of C3 molecules on a cell's surface, which tags the cell for removal by phagocytes or starts the

assembly of the membrane attach complex.


chemotactic factors


Biochemical substance that attracts leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Required for a longer period

and occurs distal to the inflammatory site.


Carboxypeptidase


Plasma enzymes that are inactive as anaphylatoxins but retain chemotactic activity

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