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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020), Chapter 1-42 | All Chapters
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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020), Chapter 1-42 | All Chapters

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  • October 12, 2024
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TEST BANK
Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian
Nursing

david Gregory, Christy Raymond, Tracey Stephens, and Linda Patrick

2nd Edition

,Table of Contents

Chapter 01 An Introduction to Canadian Nursing 1
Chapter 02 Health Care in Canada and Issues of Health Care Reform 6
Chapter 03 Complementary and Alternative Medicine-Health and Healing for Clients and
Nurses 11
Chapter 04 Nursing as a Regulated Profession-Standards of Practice 16
Chapter 05 Health Care and the Law in Canada 21
Chapter 06 Nursing Organizations-Nursing Leadership in Action 26
Chapter 07 The Journey from Student to Graduate Nurse 31
Chapter 08 Health, Wellness, and Illness 36
Chapter 09 Ethics and Integrity in Practice-Moral Dilemmas and Moral Issues 41
Chapter 10 The Nursing Process in the 21st Century 46
Chapter 11 Nursing Theory and Theories Used in Nursing 51
Chapter 12 Nursing Research and Evidence-Informed Practice 56
Chapter 13 Culture and Cultural Safety-Beyond Cultural Inventories 61
Chapter 14 Improving Patient and Nurse Safety-Learning From Past Experiences 66
Chapter 15 Educative Nursing Practice-A Role for Professional Nurses 71
Chapter 16 Ways of Thinking-Critical Thinking in Nursing 76
Chapter 17 Transforming Nursing Education Using Simulation 81
Chapter 18 Working With Families 86
Chapter 19 Public and Community Health Nursing 90
Chapter 20 Principles of Asepsis 95
Chapter 21 Health Assessment Across the Lifespan 100
Chapter 22 Measuring Vital Signs 105
Chapter 23 Principles and Practices of Medication Administration 110
Chapter 24 Effective Documentation 115
Chapter 25 Nursing Informatics, Health Information Technologies, and Nursing 120
Chapter 26 Reflection and Reflexivity-On Being a Nurse 125
Chapter 27 Communication-At the Heart of Nursing Practice 130
Chapter 28 Addressing Developmental Needs Across the Life Span 136
Chapter 29 Fostering a Positive Self-Concept 141
Chapter 30 Client Hygiene 146
Chapter 31 Creating Comfort and Managing Pain 151
Chapter 32 Balancing Activity and Rest 156
Chapter 33 Oxygenation 161
Chapter 34 Supporting Fluid and Electrolyte Balance 166
Chapter 35 Ensuring Nutrition 171
Chapter 36 Supporting Elimination 176
Chapter 37 Skin Care 181
Chapter 38 Immigrant and Refugee Canadians 186
Chapter 39 Vulnerability and Nursing-Structural Vulnerability as a Health Equity Concern 191
Chapter 40 Indigenous Peoples and Nursing 196

,Chapter 41 Spirituality and Nursing-Presence and Promise 201
Chapter 42 Nursing as Lifelong Learning 206

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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




Chapter 1, An Introduction to Canadian Nursing


1. A student nurse is reviewing the history of nursing in Canada and the motivations of
early nurses. Early Canadian nurses were most often affiliated with which of the
following?
A) Medical practitioners
B) Political alliances
C) Religious orders
D) Nongovernmental organizations


2. A group of nursing students are relating the contributions of Florence Nightingale to
current nursing practice. Which of the following statements best describes one of
Nightingale's contributions to the nursing profession?
A) “Nursing has always given women a venue in which to exercise independent,
critical thinking.”
B) “Surveys consistently show that nursing is seen as a respectable profession.”
C) “Nursing in Canada has roots in the Christian faith, but Nightingale was
instrumental in distancing the profession from religion.”
D) “Nursing is on an equal footing with the medical profession.”


3. Which of the following statements most accurately describes an aspect of men in
nursing during the early and mid-20th century?
A) Men were barred from applying to most Canadian nursing schools.
B) Male nurses were explicitly subservient to female nurses.
C) Men predominated in management and administrative nursing roles.
D) Males were expected to have education in medicine before entering the nursing
profession.


4. Societal factors brought about changes in the identity of nurses and of nursing practice
in the mid- to late 20th century. What factor had the most significant effect on nursing
practice during this period in the profession's history?
A) Economic challenges brought about by the end of World War II
B) Changes in the image of women in Canadian society
C) The gradual reduction of the Roman Catholic Church's influence
D) Growing social acceptance of homosexuality and homosexuals




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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




5. Canadian nurses contributed significantly to developing the concept of determinants of
health in the late 20th century. Which of the following statements best captures this
conceptualization of health?
A) Health is determined primarily by behaviours and choices rather than genetics.
B) Health is inherent to each individual and is not influenced by external factors.
C) Health is the result of a variety of factors in numerous different domains.
D) Health is determined mainly by an individual's lifestyle.


6. The future of nursing is being changed by factors in demographics, economics, science
and technology, family structures, and social and cultural issues. Which of the following
are factors that are currently affecting nursing? Select all that apply.
A) The incidence and prevalence of heart disease and diabetes are increasing.
B) Increasing numbers of Canadians are affected by mental illness.
C) The gap between rich and poor Canadians is increasing.
D) The proportion of younger Canadians is overtaking that of older Canadians.
E) Acute diseases are overtaking chronic diseases in prevalence.


7. A newly graduated nurse has identified a learning goal of becoming more skilled at
providing cultural safety when providing care. How can the nurse best achieve this
goal?
A) By collaborating with nurses from different cultures
B) By expanding language and communication skills
C) By identifying the weaknesses of the nurse's own culture
D) By acknowledging and addressing power imbalances


8. The nursing profession is responding to changing patterns of disease. Which of the
following scenarios best exemplifies these changes?
A) A traveler brings a new strain of an infectious disease to Canada.
B) A client develops an opportunistic infection following elective surgery.
C) An infant fails to inherit antibodies from her mother after birth.
D) A student is infected by a classmate who has not been immunized.


9. Recent Canadian statistics show there has been a decline in the number of registered
nursing graduates. This decline is expected to be remediated with which shift in the
health care landscape?
A) An increase in licensed practice nurses in health care settings
B) Increasing the number of postsecondary nursing education seats
C) Removing registered psychiatric nurses from the skill mix
D) Increasing the amount of overtime hours available to registered nurses




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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




10. A nursing student has identified the goal of acquiring more sophisticated nursing
knowledge that is grounded in the art and science of the profession. How can the nurse
best facilitate this goal?
A) By seeking frequent feedback from clients and their families
B) By regularly reviewing course content from nursing school
C) By engaging in frequent and thoughtful self-reflection
D) By seeking employment in various care settings


11. A nurse has been providing care for a client for a series of shifts but has just recently
had an experience rooted in the aesthetics of nursing. This experience most likely
consisted of what?
A) A sudden awareness of the essential meaning of an interaction with the client
B) An appreciation of the client's psychosocial status based on a new disclosure from
the client
C) An identification of the client's pathophysiology based on new assessment data
D) An awareness of the correct course of action to take when giving the client care


12. A nurse is providing care for a client whose most recent computed tomography (CT)
scan reveals a tumor. The client's children are adamant that the client not be made aware
of any negative diagnostic findings. On which of the fundamental ways of knowing will
the nurse most need to draw?
A) Empirical
B) Personal
C) Ethical
D) Aesthetic


13. A client has disclosed significant and personal details about her family life to the nurse
while the nurse provided the client's morning hygiene. What components of the
nurse–client relationship are evidenced in this scenario? Select all that apply.
A) Trust
B) Respect
C) Empathy
D) Power
E) Professional intimacy




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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




14. A nurse is caring for a client who has recently suffered a prenatal loss. How can the
nurse best demonstrate empathy in the nurse–client relationship?
A) The nurse tries to relate to the client's experience by comparing it with her own
experiences.
B) The nurse seeks an understanding of the client's situation through genuine
listening.
C) The nurse reassures the client that she fully understands the challenges that the
client is facing.
D) The nurse describes a similar situation that was faced by a previous client.


15. A nurse has identified a need to enhance his empirical knowledge. What action will best
help the nurse achieve this goal?
A) Asking a colleague to hold him accountable for his learning
B) Journaling about his thoughts and feelings after a challenging clinical situation
C) Asking a recent client to describe his experiences in the health care system
D) Attending an in-service on new developments in the treatment of renal failure




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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




Answer Key
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A, B, C
7. D
8. A
9. A
10. C
11. A
12. C
13. A, D, E
14. B
15. D




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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




Chapter 2, Health Care in Canada and Issues of Health Care Reform


1. A nurse is planning the care of a client who has been diagnosed with a heart valve
infection that has been attributed to intravenous heroin use. When applying a
socioenvironmental approach to this client's care, what question should guide the nurse's
assessment?
A) “What are the characteristics of this client's health status that made him vulnerable
to illness?”
B) “What could this client have done differently in order to protect his health?”
C) “Is this client's illness the result of society, or is he personally responsible for it?”
D) “How did this client's behaviours intersect with external factors and influence his
health?”


2. A nurse is working with a client with poorly controlled diabetes. The client tells the
nurse that he knows he should monitor his blood glucose levels more frequently but
does not. When applying a socioenvironmental approach to planning the client's care,
what should the nurse identify?
A) The contextual factors that may have influenced the client's actions
B) The client's understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetes
C) The client's beliefs around the negative health effects of high blood glucose
D) The individuals who most strongly influence the client's health choices


3. A nurse who provides care at a long-term care facility is assessing a resident's risk for
falls by measuring her blood pressure while lying, sitting, and standing. In addition, the
nurse assesses the client's level of consciousness by asking her to state her name, the
location of the facility, and today's date. This nurse is assessing the resident's health
according to what approach?
A) Medical approach
B) Behavioural approach
C) Socioenvironmental approach
D) Holistic approach




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Test Bank - Fundamentals: Perspectives on the Art and Science of Canadian Nursing, 2nd Edition (Gregory, 2020)




4. A nurse's colleague has suggested having clients who use the emergency department
pay a nominal fee in order to reduce health care costs in the province where they reside.
How would the terms of the Canada Health Act (CHA) affect such a program?
A) The practice would be a violation of the CHA unless it were applied to all care
settings equally.
B) The practice would be disallowed because it would be considered a form of
taxation.
C) The practice would be considered extra billing and would contravene the CHA.
D) The practice would be allowed, provided the fee was set at a rate specified by the
CHA.


5. A nurse educator is describing the ways that Health Canada ensures that Canadians have
equitable access to health care services. Which of the following statements best
describes the role of Health Canada's relationship with individual provinces and
territories?
A) Health Canada sets the terms of the CHA and makes suggestions to provincial and
territorial health care systems.
B) Health Canada identifies gaps in provincial and territorial health care systems and
provides temporary solutions.
C) Health Canada ensures that the provinces and territories comply with the CHA.
D) Health Canada provides 100% of the funding and oversight for each of the
provincial and territorial health care systems.


6. A Canadian has just returned to Canada after several years of living abroad and requires
medical treatment. How will the principle of universality affect this individual's health
care?
A) The individual will have to pay for his care and then be reimbursed after 6 months.
B) The individual is entitled to free medical care but may have to first endure a
waiting period.
C) The individual will have to seek private care if he has been out of the country for
more than 2 years.
D) The individual may immediately be reenrolled in the provincial or territorial health
care plan and receive free care.


7. An infant requires a heart transplant and this service is not readily available in the
province where the family resides. What pillar of the Canada Health Act allows for the
infant to be treated in another province?
A) Comprehensiveness
B) Universality
C) Portability
D) Accessibility




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