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SOCIAL DEVIANCE TEST 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED.
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SOCIAL DEVIANCE TEST 2 QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED.
Identify distinct patterns of drinking behaviors found among college
students.
Correct Answer -According to the National Center on Addiction and
Substance Use, problem drinking is common on college campuses. More
than three quarters of college undergraduates drink at least occasionally,
about half binge drink, and almost half drink specifically to get drunk.
About half of undergraduate males and about a third of undergraduate
female counterparts engage in binge drinking. Wechsler estimated that
one in five undergraduates meet the diagnostic criteria for alcohol use
disorder. Compared with their peers who are not students,
undergraduates are more likely to drink and to binge drink. The more
frequently an undergraduate binge drinks, the more likely the student will
also smoke marijuana, use cocaine or other illicit drugs.
In the United States, the rates of binge drinking are lowest in the
northeast.
True
False
Correct Answer -False
When comparing adolescent drinkers to adult drinkers, on average
______.
A.adolescents drink less during a single session than adults
B.adolescents drink more frequently than adults
C.adolescents are less likely to drink to intoxication than adults
,D.adolescents drink more during a single session than adults
Correct Answer -adolescents drink more during a single session than
adults
Which of the following is a societal-level explanation of alcohol use?
A.cultural integration
B.social learning
C.self-derogation
D.social strain
Correct Answer -cultural integration
What does the research indicate about the relationship between age of
first alcohol use and alcohol use later in life?
Correct Answer -Research supports that early onset of drinking is related
to subsequent alcohol dependency. Those who begin drinking before the
age of 15 are four times more likely to develop alcohol dependency at
some time in their lives compared to those that wait until they are at least
20 to begin drinking. Research also suggests that the onset of drinking
before the age of 16 is linked to four indicators of problem alcohol use
later in life, with higher reported rates of frequency of drinking, binge
drinking, issues related to cutting down alcohol, being annoying when
consuming alcohol, feeling guilt over alcohol use, and needing alcohol
first thing in the morning. Research also suggests that drinking from an
early age and learning to drink enough to become drunk at an early age
predicted binge drinking among high school students.
When drinking is associated with ritualistic feasting, rates of alcoholism
tend to be higher.
True
,False
Correct Answer -False
Apply the social learning theory to alcoholism.
Correct Answer -Alcoholism is a primary, chronic disease with genetic,
psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and
manifestations. It is characterized by continuous or periodic impaired
control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol
despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably
denial. Social learning theory is considered an individual-level
explanation of alcoholism and focuses on the psychosocial aspects of this
disease. It was developed by Ronald Akers. There are four primary
components; d ifferential association, definitions, differential
reinforcement, and imitation. Differential association could refer to the
extent of interaction with members of groups who regularly use alcohol to
excess. Definitions of excessive alcohol use as justifiable, desirable, and
pleasurable are learned in the context of primary group interaction.
Differential reinforcement refers to the anticipation that the rewards of
alcohol abuse markedly exceed any possible negative sanctions.
Excessive drinking is differentially reinforced when the expected pleasure
overshadows any adverse social or legal response. Imitation is simply
modeling one's alcohol use after that of others using alcohol excessively.
Compare and contrast the cultural and subcultural approaches to
explaining alcohol consumption.
Correct Answer -Both the cultural approach to explaining alcohol
consumption and the subcultural approach to explaining alcohol
consumption are societal-level explanations. Robert Bales is primarily
responsible for the cultural approach to excessive drinking behavior. He
argues that cultures may generate various levels of stress and tension,
which in turn create negative emotions of anger, resentment, and
depression. Cultural norms define using alcohol as either an appropriate
or inappropriate way to relieve stress. To the extent that a culture
, normalizes the use of alcohol to alleviate stress while failing to provide
other effective methods of stress reduction, that culture will experience
high rates of alcohol dependence. The subculture approach to alcohol
consumption is credited primarily to Cloward and Ohlin. They would
argue that subcultural opportunity structures may account for distinct
patterns of alcohol use. The retreatist subculture, one of three identified
in the subcultural approach, has particular relevance for understanding
variations in alcohol dependence. Individuals who are unable or
unwilling to access violent and/or criminal opportunities may gravitate to
retreatist subcultures with existing access to alcohol. Retreatist
subculture provides the opportunity and social supports necessary for the
use of alcohol to the point of dependence and alcoholism.
According to Zinberg, which of the following is one of the five cultural
practices that limits alcohol abuse?
A.Drinking is associated with eating.B.Aggressive behavior is considered
normal when drinking.C.Alcohol is accepted as a form of self-
medication.D.Unmarried men and women are separated when drinking.
Correct Answer -Drinking is associated with eating.
For men, binge drinking means consuming five drinks in a row.
True
False
Correct Answer -True
According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, how many
Americans reported having at least one drink in the month prior to taking
the survey?
A.approximately 75%B.less than 20%C.about halfD.almost all
Correct Answer -about half
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