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Earth System Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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Geography - Answer-The science that studies the relationships among natural systems, geographic areas, society, cultural activities, and the interdependence of all these over space The branch of knowledge that deals with the earth's surface, its form and physical features, natural and political di...

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  • October 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • earth system exam 1 questions with correct answers
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Earth System Exam 1 Questions with
Correct Answers
Geography - Answer-The science that studies the relationships among natural systems,
geographic areas, society, cultural activities, and the interdependence of all these over
space
The branch of knowledge that deals with the earth's surface, its form and physical
features, natural and political divisions, climate, products, population, etc

Physical Geography - Answer-studies the earth system and its physical and biological
subsystems
Many subfields, each a bridge to another discipline

Human Geography - Answer-studies the patterns and drivers of human social
organization across space and time

People and Environment - Answer-studies the interactions between humans and the
natural world

Cartography and GIS - Answer-develops principles and techniques for visualizing and
analyzing spatial data

Earth System Science - Answer-Earth viewed as a single entity
Formed of interacting physical, biological, and chemical systems
The earth system is highly interlinked, cannot study any one part in isolation
Humans are increasingly important agents in the earth system
Humans consume 20% of all energy captured by plants

Earth System subsystems - Answer-Atmosphere
Biosphere
Cryosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere

System - Answer-Composed of individual but connected parts that function as a
complex whole

Closed System - Answer-No interaction with surroundings

Open System - Answer-Exchanges with the environment

External Forcings - Answer-affect a system, are not affected by it

Internal Feedback - Answer-interlinked interactions among components within a system

, Feedback loops - Answer-processes interacting within systems that form looped chains
of causes and effects
Can be broken down into state variables and couplings

State variables - Answer-variables that describe state of system

Couplings - Answer-mechanisms linking variables

Positive feedbacks - Answer-Amplify original trend. Promote instability and rapid change

Negative Feedback - Answer-counteract original trend. Stabilizing

Energy - Answer-Ability to do work or change the state of matter
There are many forms of energy, we will focus on Electromagnetic and Heat Energy

Electromagnetic Radiation - Answer-vibrating electronic force fields composed of waves
of varying frequency and wavelength
c=wavelength * frequency
c= speed of light

Electromagnetic spectrum - Answer-Shortwave radiation (higher frequency, higher
energy per photon)
Longwave radiation (lower frequency, lower energy per photon)
Know the light spectrum

Blackbodies - Answer-perfectly emit and absorb EMR at all wavelengths
Blackbodies have well understood properties
Wavelength of peak EMR emitted by blackbody shortens with increasing temperatures
(Wien's Law)
Amount of emitted

EMR Emissions Sun vs Earth - Answer-T sun- 6000 degrees celsius
T earth- 15 degrees celsius
Sun emits more energy
Sun 72 million Watts/m squared
Earth- 240 Watts/m squared
Sun emits at shorter wavelengths

Earth's Energy Balance - Answer-Earth's energy budget balanced between incoming
shortwave and outgoing longwave radiation

Solar EMR is dispersed as it radiates away from sun - Answer-Some sunlight is
reflected back into space, and surface area for outgoing Earth energy (dayside and
nightside) is larger than surface area for incoming energy (dayside only)

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