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MCB 2610 Exam 1 Question and answers already passed 2024/2025
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MCB 2610 Exam 1 Question and answers already passed 2024/2025 MCB 2610 Exam 1 Differences between Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes - correct answer prokaryotic cells lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus (This is not absolute) • eukaryotic cells have a membrane enclosed nucleus, are more comp...

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  • October 16, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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MCB 2610 Exam 1
Differences between Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes - correct answer
✔prokaryotic cells lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus (This is not
absolute)
• eukaryotic cells have a membrane enclosed nucleus, are more complex
morphologically (membrane-enclosed organelles), and are usually larger than
prokaryotic cells


Which step is critical to making a good stain - correct answer
✔decolorization


What step in gram staining procedure could you leave out w/o effecting
results: counter stain - correct answer ✔counter stain


Flagella: are really thing we'cant see w/ - correct answer ✔standard light
microscope they have to be stained in order to increase flagella thickness


What type of microscope has lowest mag: - correct answer ✔light
microscope


What type of microscope has: - correct answer ✔scanning probe


Acellular Infectious Agents (not considered part of the 3 domain system of
classification) - correct answer ✔viruses, viroids, virusoids, and prions


viruses - correct answer ✔- smallest of all microbes
- Very simple - some consist of only proteins and nucleic acids
- requires host cell to replicate - cause range of diseases, some cancers

,viroids and virusoids - correct answer ✔- infectious agents composed of only
RNA


prions - infectious proteins - correct answer ✔- infectious proteins


Why viruses aren't considered to be alive - correct answer ✔They don't
replicate outside of a host cell. - They (usually) have little to no biochemical
activity outside of a host cell. - They are inert and nonreactive outside of a
host cell. - Microbiology still studies viruses, though, since they are too small
to be seen with the naked eye.


How do we define life? - correct answer ✔metabolism, growth, reproduction,
genetic variation/evolution, response/adaptation to the external environment,
homeostasis


Origin of Life: - correct answer ✔Multicellular fossils dating to about 0.5
billion ybp (years before present) have been found—meaning unicellular
microbes dominated the planet for approximately 3.0 billion years!


What are the macromolecules (major building blocks) needed for life? -
correct answer ✔• Polypeptides , Polysaccharides and polypeptides, Nucleic
acids,


Polypeptides - correct answer ✔can serve many purposes, but one of the
most important is the function of enzymes as catalysts of chemical reactions.


Polysaccharides and polypeptides - correct answer ✔can be embedded in a
lipid bilayer, forming a cell's plasma membrane. This separates the external
environment from the interior of the cell.

, Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) - correct answer ✔are critical as storehouses of
genetic information. - Comparisons of DNA sequences allow us to divide life
into three separate domains.


Stanley Miller and his experiment - correct answer ✔- 1953
- graduate student of Harold Urey's at the University of Chicago
- was a closed system that was supposed to mimic conditions that existed on
the early Earth
- flask of water that simulated ancient seas
- water was heated and the water that vaporized entered a second, higher
flask
- flask of water vapor simulated an atmosphere and had a mixture of gases
(hydrogen, methane, ammonia) along with discharges of sparks to mimic
lightning
- condenser cooled down atmosphere
- raining water and dissolved molecules went into the sea flask again
- a beaker was present to collect samples as material cycled through the
apparatus
- simple compounds and complex molecules that are present in organisms
were created: formaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, amino acids, hydrocarbons
- supported the conclusion that organic molecules may have been
synthesized abiotically on the early Earth
- complex organic molecules could arise spontaneously under conditions
(early Earth)
- atmosphere used by Miller was different from early Earth, but recent, more
accurate experiments support the same conclusion and produce similar
results

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