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Biology 121 Exam 2 Study Guide Exam Questions And All Correct Answers.
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Exergonic Reaction - Answer Ends with the release of free energy. Takes organic compounds and breaks it up into smaller molecules Endergonic Reaction - Answer Requires the input of free energy. Builds organic compounds from smaller molecules. Exergonic reaction - Answer Breaking down...

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  • October 17, 2024
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • exergonic reaction

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  • BIO 121
  • BIO 121

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Biology 121 Exam 2 Study Guide Exam
Questions And All Correct Answers.
Exergonic Reaction - Answer Ends with the release of free energy. Takes organic compounds and breaks
it up into smaller molecules



Endergonic Reaction - Answer Requires the input of free energy. Builds organic compounds from
smaller molecules.



Exergonic reaction - Answer Breaking down glucose to make ATP is an overall ____ reaction



DNA, Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes - Answer What structure components are present
in ALL cells



Cytoplasm - Answer semifluid substance enclosed by a cell's plasma membrane



Compare and contrast prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells - Answer SIMILARITIES:

1. They both have DNA as their genetic material.

2. They are both membrane bound.

3. They both have ribosomes .

4. They have similar basic metabolism .

5. They are both amazingly diverse in forms.

DIFERENCES:

1. eukaryotes have a nucleus, while prokaryotes do not

2. eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotes do not. The organelles of eukaryotes
allow them to exhibit much higher levels of intracellular division of labor than is possible in prokaryotic
cells.

3. Eukaryotic cells are, on average, ten times the size of prokaryotic cells.

4. The DNA of eukaryotes is much more complex and therefore much more extnsive than the DNA of
prokaryotes.

, 5. Prokaryotes have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan, a single large polymer of amino acids and
sugar . Many types of eukaryotic cells also have cell walls, but none made of peptidoglycan.

6. The DNA of prokaryotes floats freely around the cell; the DNA of eukaryotes is held within its nucleus
and associated with histones (proteins)

7. Eukaryotes undergo mitosis; prokaryotes divide by binary fission (simple cell division)



What is the main function of the nucleus - Answer to hold a eukaryotic cell's DNA



What is the main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - Answer Modifies proteins made
by ribosomes attached to it



What is the main function of the smooth ER - Answer to make lipids, break down carbohydrates and
fats, and to inactivate toxins.



What is the main function of the golgi complex/apparatus - Answer to finish, sort, and ship lipids,
enyzmes, and proteins.



What is the main function of the mitochondria - Answer Energy powerhouse of the cell. Produces ATP
by aerobic respiration



What is the main function of the chloroplasts - Answer Specializes in photosynthesis



What is the main function of the central vacuole - Answer increases cell surface area; stores metabolic
wastes



What is the main function of the cell wall - Answer to structurally protect and support the cell



What is the main function of the cytoskeleton - Answer structurally supports and imparts shape to the
cell. Moves cell and its components



What is the main function of the plasmodesma - Answer communication junction between adjoining
cells

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