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BIO 311C Comprehensive Exam 2 Questions Solved Correctly.
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Prokaryotic Cell - Answer 1. No nucleus 2. DNA in the nucleoid region 3. No proteins are attached to DNA 4. No endomembrane system 5. No organelles 6. Cell size small (1-10 μm) Eukaryotic Cell - Answer 1. True nuclei 2. DNA within nucleus 3. Proteins (histones) are attached to DNA ...

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  • October 17, 2024
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • prokaryotic cell

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  • BIO 311C
  • BIO 311C

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BIO 311C Comprehensive Exam 2
Questions Solved Correctly.
Prokaryotic Cell - Answer 1. No nucleus

2. DNA in the nucleoid region

3. No proteins are attached to DNA

4. No endomembrane system

5. No organelles

6. Cell size small (1-10 μm)



Eukaryotic Cell - Answer 1. True nuclei

2. DNA within nucleus

3. Proteins (histones) are attached to DNA

4. Vast endomembrane system

5. Membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts

6. Larger cell size (10-100 μm)



Prensent in animal cells only - Answer -Centrosomes w/ centrioles

-Lysosomes

-Cilia



Present in plant cells only - Answer Cell wall

Plamodesmata

Chloroplasts

Central Vacuole



Mitochondria - Answer -Membrane bound organelles in which some cellular respiration occurs.

-Require oxygen for respiration

,-Generate most of the ATP of cell



Lysosome - Answer -Contains enzymes for digestion of many complex molecules

-Excretes digested material into cell if wanted or outside if not needed



Cytoskeleton - Answer 1. Microtubules

2. Microfilaments

3. Intermediate Filaments



Microtubules - Answer -hollow tubes of tubular protein present in all eukaryotic cells

Used for:

-cell motility

-cell shape

-chromosome

-serves as a truck for movement of organelles



Microfilaments - Answer two intertwined, solid rods of actin

actin in all eukaryotic cells, myosin only in animal cells

Used for:

-cell motility

-cell shape & change

-muscle contraction

-cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells

-cleavage furrow



Intermediate filaments - Answer -hollow tubes made up of heterogeneous proteins

-made up of 5 different proteins from the keratin family

-almost in all eukaryotic cells

Used for:

, 1. structural support

2. tensile strength

3. cell shape

4. anchoring the nucleus and theory cell organelles

5. formation of nuclear lamina



Centrosome (Cell Center) - Answer Site near nucleus where microtubules are formed

-organizes the microtubule cytoskeleton during interphase

-positions many cytoplasmic organelles



Vesicle - Answer transfer substances between membranous sacs in the cell, such as endoplasmic
reticulum and Golgi complex



Ribosomes - Answer -synthesize proteins with their catalytic ability

-found freely in the cytoplasm or attached to rough ER, mitochondria, chloroplast

-each ribosome is made up of one small subunit and one large subunit

-carry out protein synthesis by translating mRNA into chains of amino acids



Smooth ER - Answer -synthesizes lipids

-catalyzes glycogen to glucose reaction

-participates in carbohydrate metabolism

-detoxifies unwanted chemicals including drugs



Rough ER - Answer -ribosomes attached for membrane protein synthesis

-synthesizes membrane-bound proteins for secretion and modification

-synthesizes membrane from phospholipids and membrane proteins



Golgi Apparatus - Answer -central receiving & dispatching center where proteins made in the ER arrive,
sorted, and packaged into vesicles and shipped

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