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ANAT 100 - Module 2 || with 100% Errorless Answers.
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Cartilage correct answers Found throughout the human body, it is a semirigid connective tissue that is weaker than bone, but more flexible and resilient. Chondroblasts correct answers Cells that produce the matrix of cartilage. Chondrocytes correct answers Produced and secreted by chondroblas...

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  • October 18, 2024
  • 14
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • cartilage

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ANAT 100 - Module 2 || with 100% Errorless Answers.
Cartilage correct answers Found throughout the human body, it is a semirigid connective tissue
that is weaker than bone, but more flexible and resilient.

Chondroblasts correct answers Cells that produce the matrix of cartilage.

Chondrocytes correct answers Produced and secreted by chondroblasts, they occupy small spaces
called lacunae.

Functions of Cartilage correct answers 1. Supporting soft tissue
2. Providing a gliding surface for articulations (joints), where two bones meet.
3. Providing a model for the formation of most of the bones in the body. In the embryonic stage,
cartilage is the rough draft of where the bones will go.

Functions of bone correct answers Bone connective tissue and the bones that compose the
skeletal system perform several basic functions:
1. support and protection
2. movement
3. hemopoiesis
4. storage of mineral and energy reserves

Role of bone: Support and protection correct answers Provide structural framework for
body,bones protect many delicate tissues and organs from injury and trauma.

Role of bone: Movement correct answers Groups of bones serve s attachment its for skeletal
muscles, other soft tissues and some organs.

Role of bone: Hemopoiesis correct answers Process of blood cell production.

Four Classes of Bones correct answers Long, short, flat and irregular.

Long Bones correct answers Greater length than width, elongated cylindrical shaft. Most
common bone type. Support soft tissues in the limbs

Short Bones correct answers Length nearly equal to their width, external surface is covered by
compact bone and their interior is composed of spongy bone.

Flat Bones correct answers Flat, thin surfaces. Composed of roughly parallel surfaces of compact
bone with a layer of internally placed spongy bone. Protect underlying tissue mostly.

Irregular bones correct answers elborate and complex shares, do not fit into any of the other
categories.

Diaphysis correct answers Elongated, cylindrical shaft of the long bone.

, Proximal and Distal Epiphysis correct answers End of the bone closest to the body trunk, and a
distal epiphysis is the end farthest from the trunk

Articular Cartilage correct answers Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis at a
joint surface. Helps reduce friction, and helps absorb shock in movable joints.

Medullary cavity correct answers Hollow, cylindrical space within the diaphysis. In adults it
contains yellow bone marrow.

Periosteum correct answers Covers the outer surface of the bone, except for the areas covered by
articular cartilage. It is made of dense irregular connective tissue, and consists of an outer fibrous
layer and an inner cellular layer.

Metaphysis correct answers Region in a mature bone that is sandwiched between the diaphysis
and the epiphysis in a growing bone. This region contains hyaline cartilage that provide for the
continued lengthwise growth of the diaphysis.

Endosteum correct answers Incomplete layer of cells that covers all internal surface of the bone,
such as the medullary cavity. This part contains osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts and
osteoclasts, and is active during bone growth, repair and remodelling.

Osteoprogenitor Cells correct answers Stem cells that are derived from the mesenchyme. When
they divide, they produce another stem cell and a committed cell that mates to become an
osteoblast. These stem cells are located in both the periosteum and the endosteum.

Osteocytes correct answers Mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts that have become
entrapped in the matrix they secreted. They reside in small spaces within the matrix called
lacunae. Osteocytes maintain the bone matrix and detect mechanical stress on a bone. This info
is communicated to osteoblast and may result in the position of new bone matrix at the surface.

Osteoclasts correct answers Large, multinuclear, phagocytic cells. Appear to be derived from
fused bone marrow cells, similar to those that produce monocytes. These cells exhibit a ruffled
border where they contact the bone, which increases their surface area exposure to the one. An
osteoclast is often located within or adjacent to a depression or pit on the bone surface called
reposition lacuna. Osteoclasts are involved in an important called bone resorption.

Bone Resorption correct answers Osteoclasts secrete hydrochloric acid, which dissolves the
mineral parts of the bone matrix, whereas lysosomes within the osteoclasts secrete enzymes that
dissolve the organic part of the matrix. The release of the stored calcium and phosphate from the
bone matrix is called osteolysis.

Skeletal System Division correct answers Axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton

Axial Skeleton correct answers Composed of bones along the central axis of the body, which we
commonly divide in three regions: the skull, the vertebral column and the thoracic cage.

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