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Brock Biology of Microorganisms Chapter 1 Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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Brock Biology of Microorganisms Chapter 1 Exam Questions With Correct Answers Culture - answercells grown in/on nutrient medium medium - answerliquid/solid mixture containing all required nutrients cell - answerliving compartment that interacts with the environment and other cells cytoplasmic ...

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  • October 18, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • brock biology of microorganisms chapter 1 exam que

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©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/3/2024 9:54 PM


Brock Biology of Microorganisms Chapter 1
Exam Questions With Correct Answers


Culture - answer✔cells grown in/on nutrient medium

medium - answer✔liquid/solid mixture containing all required nutrients

cell - answer✔living compartment that interacts with the environment and other cells

cytoplasmic (cell) membrane - answer✔barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the
outside environment

cytoplasm - answer✔aqueous mixture of macromolecules, small organics, ions, and ribosomes
inside the cell

ribosomes - answer✔protein-synthesizing structures

cell wall - answer✔organelle only present in some microbes; provides extra protection and
strength

prokaryotes - answer✔type of cell: some Bacteria and Archaea, have no membrane-enclosed
organelles; no nucleus

organelles - answer✔membrane-enclosed structures within a cell

eukaryotes - answer✔type of cell: some plants, animals, algae, protozoa, fungi; contains
organelles; has DNA-enclosed in a membrane-bound nucleus

genome - answer✔a cell's full complement of genes

linear chromosomes (and many more, up to billions of base pairs) - answer✔typical eukaryotic
DNA shape

circular chromosomes that aggregate in the nucleoid region - answer✔typical prokaryotic DNA
shape

, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/3/2024 9:54 PM

plasmids - answer✔extrachromosomal DNA that confers special properties (like antibiotic
resistance) (found in prokaryotes)

metabolism - answer✔the chemical transformation of nutrients

enzymes - answer✔protein catalysts

transcription - answer✔when DNA information is converted into RNA

translation - answer✔when RNA is used by ribosome to make protein

motility - answer✔when cells move by self-propulsion

differentiation - answer✔when microbes modify internal structures to form specialized cells

intercellular communication - answer✔when microbes respond to other microbes

activities of microbial cells - answer✔-metabolism
-motility
-differentiation
-intercellular communication
-evolution
-live in microbial communities

3.8-4.3 billion y.a. - answer✔When did the first cells appear on Earth?

~2.6 billion y.a. - answer✔When was O2 introduced to the Earth's atmosphere?

~3.6 billion y.a. - answer✔When did the first anoxygenic phototrophs appear?

~0.5 billion y.a. - answer✔When did plants and animals appear on Earth?

three domains (distinct lineages of microbial cells - answer✔-Bacteria (prok)
-Archaea (prok)
-Eukarya (euk)

LUCA - answer✔last universal common ancestor

extremophiles - answer✔organisms that live in habitats too harsh for other life forms (ex. hot
springs, glaciers, high salt, acidity, alkalinity, pressure)

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