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PSYCH 2B03 – Personality complete exam review (suitable for both final and midterm exam) McMaster University CA$19.57   Add to cart

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PSYCH 2B03 – Personality complete exam review (suitable for both final and midterm exam) McMaster University

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PSYCH 2B03 – Personality complete exam review (suitable for both final and midterm exam) McMaster University

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  • October 22, 2024
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PSYCH 2B03 – Personality complete
exam review (suitable for both final and
midterm exam) McMaster University

,When does superego develop? - age 4-6

basic values by age 6 and the rest are add ons



Superego - represents societal values (specifically parental)

forms as result of Oedipus complex

2 parts:

1) part that keeps track of things that are right, good + desirable

- things that are good = store in ego ideal

2) keep ego + id in check (acts as a mediator)

- can form anticathexis when object is unethical immoral, even when no danger = involved

bulk of activity is unconscious + smaller fraction than ego = conscious



Post-hypnotic suggestion - when the patient is under hypnoses, the therapist can influence their
behaviour without them consciously knowing

ex. therapist says "whenever you hear banana you will strip"

the patient will then unconsciously do that when someone says banana without knowing why they have
done the action



Id - only one present at birth

translate need into drive

want, desire

gotta have it NOW (no idea of time)

operates on pleasure principle

no direct contact with outside world - only has access to memories stored in mind + images

repository of ALL libido - from birth to death

UNCONSCIOUS part of mind

,Type Approach - limited # of distinct personality types = people follow under 1 of them

emphasis on biological bases of personality = fixed, unchanged

4 humors make up a person:

1) blood = sanguan - optimistic, lowkey, relaxed

2) phlegm = phlegmatic - slow, easy going, relaxed

3) yellow bile = choleric - easily aroused, assertive, aggressive

4) black bile = melancholic - sadness, proneness to depression



having excess of 1 - lead to certain physical disorders



Trait Approach - personality = internal characteristic + tendencies built into individ.

emphasis on biological factors

developed largely through after birth

say LITTLE about development



Psychodynamic Approach - 1st modern approach (Sigmund Freud)

personality = action + interaction of psychic struct. (internal + unconscious)

behaviour = interaction b/w biology + experience

says LOTS about development



Behaviourist Approach - rely only on observable + repeatable beh.

personality = consistent patterns of beh.

emphasized experience + learning

, Humanist Approach - personality = manifestation of self, inner unity (develops over time by largely
experience)

reaching for full potential, positive motivation

born good = no bad person, just bad behaviour due to factors (environmental)

search for personal meaning - focus on goals, even ones that go beyond the self

idiographic approach - focus on the individual as topic of study + understanding (NOT an example)



Cognitive Approach - personality = style of information selection + processing

consistent patterns of thinking (way you think about the world)

often allied with behaviourist approach

CBT is a treatment (most common)

most RECENT dominant approach

NOT biological



Evolutionary Psychology Approach - newest approach (4/5 different theories)

emphasizes BIOLOGICAL bases of personality

shared human nature, NOT individually different

often speaks about human nature in terms of basic motives



Hedonism - belief that we do things because they are pleasurable

sole goal in life = experience pleasure



Libido - power source

need energy to power behaviour we exhibit



Primary Process - 1st way in which people gain gratification

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