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Biochem Final Exam Questions and Answers with Verified Solutions
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Biochem Final Exam Questions and Answers with Verified Solutions How do prion proteins differ from traditional infectious agents? Prions are misfolded proteins that can induce misfolding in other proteins, leading to diseases without nucleic acids, unlike traditional pathogens. What is th...

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  • October 23, 2024
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Biochem Final Exam Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions
How do prion proteins differ from traditional infectious agents?


✔✔ Prions are misfolded proteins that can induce misfolding in other proteins, leading to

diseases without nucleic acids, unlike traditional pathogens.




What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration?


✔✔ The Krebs cycle generates electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) and ATP while oxidizing

acetyl-CoA, contributing to energy production.




How does the composition of a protein influence its solubility in water?


✔✔ The presence of polar or charged amino acids increases solubility in water, while

hydrophobic amino acids decrease it, affecting protein behavior in solutions.




What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?


✔✔ The endoplasmic reticulum assists in synthesizing, folding, and modifying proteins before

they are transported to their destinations.




1

,How do peptide bonds form between amino acids?


✔✔ Peptide bonds form through a dehydration reaction, linking the amino group of one amino

acid to the carboxyl group of another, releasing water.




What distinguishes a nonpolar amino acid from a polar one?


✔✔ Nonpolar amino acids have hydrophobic side chains, while polar amino acids contain side

chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water.




How do ribozymes differ from traditional enzymes?


✔✔ Ribozymes are RNA molecules that can catalyze biochemical reactions, unlike traditional

enzymes that are typically proteins.




What is the significance of the glycosylation process in proteins?


✔✔ Glycosylation adds carbohydrate groups to proteins, influencing their stability, localization,

and interactions with other molecules.




How do enzymes achieve their catalytic efficiency?


✔✔ Enzymes achieve catalytic efficiency through precise substrate binding, reducing the

activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.

2

, What is the role of ATP synthase in cellular energy production?


✔✔ ATP synthase synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate during oxidative

phosphorylation, utilizing the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain.




How do signal transduction pathways affect cellular responses?


✔✔ Signal transduction pathways relay external signals into the cell, leading to specific

responses such as gene expression or metabolic changes.




What is the impact of temperature on enzyme activity?


✔✔ Temperature can increase enzyme activity up to an optimal point; beyond that, it may lead

to denaturation and loss of function.




What is the importance of the Michaelis-Menten equation in enzyme kinetics?


✔✔ The Michaelis-Menten equation describes the rate of enzymatic reactions, providing insights

into enzyme efficiency and substrate affinity.




How does the pH affect enzyme function?




3

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