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BIO 353 cell bio exam Practice Questions and Answers
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BIO 353 cell bio exam Practice Questions and Answers The break down of glucose into pyruvate releases less than 25% of the total energy present in glucose. The remaining energy is stored in the resulting (2) pyruvate molecules. In the presence of oxygen, acting as an electron acceptor, complete...

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  • October 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




BIO 353 cell bio exam Practice Questions
and Answers

The break down of glucose into pyruvate releases less than 25% of the total energy present in glucose.

The remaining energy is stored in the resulting (2) pyruvate molecules.




In the presence of oxygen, acting as an electron acceptor, complete substrate oxidation is possible.




______ is defined as "the oxidation driven flow of electrons, through or within a membrane, from

reduced coenzymes to an electron acceptor, usually accompanied by the generation of ATP."




The reduced cofactors crucial to electron transport are NADH and FADH2. - Ans:✔✔-Respiration


Respiration has 4 stages




______
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Splits glucose into pyruvate, generates 2 and 2 NADH in the cytosol.




The TCA cycle (Citric Acid Cycle or Crebs cycle)


Oxidizes pyruvate to _____ in the mitochondrial matrix.


Completely oxidizes acetyl CoA to ____.


Conserves energy as reduced coenzyme molecules NADH, FADH2 (which have high energy electrons)




Electron transport


____ and ____ donate and transfer electrons through a series of carriers to O^2 , releasing energy in

each transfer step.


The energy is used to actively transport or "pump" protons across a membrane to generate an ______

____ gradient.




ATP synthesis


Uses the proton gradient as energy to drive ATP synthesis by ATP synthetase. - Ans:✔✔-Glycolysis



Page 2/110

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acetyl CoA


NADH


FADH2


electrochemical


proton


The Citric Acid or Tricarboxylic Acid or Krebs Cycle




The cycle takes place in the _____ matrix. Pyruvates need to be actively transported (pumped) from the

cytosol through mitochondrial inner membrane




_____ then undergoes oxidative ______ to form acetyl-CoA. ___ NADH is also produced.




The acetate group carried by CoA enters the cycle by being transferred to a 4-carbon dicarboxylic acid

called ______ to make ____ ____ - a six-carbon tricarboxylic acid (TCA) (step 1).




Page 3/110

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•Citrate is then isomerized to isocitrate by the aconitase enzyme (step 2).




•Steps 3 and 4 successive ___ ____ reactions follow. Each of which produces ____ reduced coenzyme

____ and releases one CO2, yielding a 4-carbon product bound to CoA (succinyl-Co-A). - Ans:✔✔-

mitochondrial


Pyruvate


oxidative


decarboxylation


One


oxaloacetate


citric acid


oxidative decarboxylation


one


NADH


The Citric Acid Cycle



Page 4/110

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