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Lewis Chapter 45: Renal and Urological Problems Exam Study Questions and Answers
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Lewis Chapter 45: Renal and Urological Problems Exam Study Questions and Answers A patient returns to the clinic with recurrent dysuria after being treated with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) for 3 days. Which action will the nurse plan to take? a. Remind the patient about the nee...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 33
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • lewis chapter 45 renal and urological problems ex

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  • Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing
  • Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing

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©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Lewis Chapter 45: Renal and Urological
Problems Exam Study Questions and
Answers

A patient returns to the clinic with recurrent dysuria after being treated with trimethoprim and

sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) for 3 days. Which action will the nurse plan to take?


a. Remind the patient about the need to drink 1000 mL of fluids daily.


b. Obtain a midstream urine specimen for culture and sensitivity testing.


c. Teach the patient to take the prescribed Bactrim for at least 3 more days.


d. Suggest that the patient use acetaminophen (Tylenol) to treat the symptoms. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: B


Since uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) are usually successfully treated with 3 days of

antibiotic therapy, this patient will need a urine culture and sensitivity to determine appropriate

antibiotic therapy. Tylenol would not be as effective as other over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as

phenazopyridine (Pyridium) in treating dysuria. The fluid intake should be increased to at least 1800

mL/day. Since the UTI has persisted after treatment with Bactrim, the patient is likely to need a different

antibiotic.

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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1123-1125


The nurse determines that instruction regarding prevention of future urinary tract infections (UTIs) for a

patient with cystitis has been effective when the patient states,


a. "I can use vaginal sprays to reduce bacteria."


b. "I will drink a quart of water or other fluids every day."


c. "I will wash with soap and water before sexual intercourse."


d. "I will empty my bladder every 3 to 4 hours during the day." - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D


Voiding every 3 to 4 hours is recommended to prevent UTIs. Use of vaginal sprays is dis-


couraged. The bladder should be emptied before and after intercourse, but cleaning with soap and water

is not necessary. A quart of fluids is insufficient to provide adequate urine output to decrease risk for

UTI.


Which information will the nurse include when teaching the patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI)

about the use of phenazopyridine (Pyridium)?


a. Take the medication for at least 7 days.


b. Use sunscreen while taking the Pyridium.


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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




c. The urine may turn a reddish-orange color.


d. Use the Pyridium before sexual intercourse. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: C


Patients should be taught that Pyridium will color the urine deep orange. Urinary analgesics should only

be needed for a few days until the prescribed antibiotics decrease the bacterial count. Taking Pyridium

before intercourse will not be helpful in reducing the risk for UTI. Pyridium does not cause

photosensitivity.


A 72-year-old who has benign prostatic hyperplasia is admitted to the hospital with chills, fever, and

vomiting. Which finding by the nurse will be most helpful in determining whether the patient has an

upper urinary tract infection (UTI)?


a. Suprapubic pain


b. Bladder distention


c. Foul-smelling urine


d. Costovertebral tenderness - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D


Costovertebral tenderness is characteristic of pyelonephritis. The other symptoms are characteristic of

lower UTI and are likely to be present if the patient also has an upper UTI.




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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1128


After teaching a patient with interstitial cystitis about management of the condition, the nurse

determines that further instruction is needed when the patient says,


a. "I will have to stop having coffee and orange juice for breakfast."


b. "I should start taking a high potency multiple vitamin every morning."


c. "I will buy some calcium glycerophosphate (Prelief) at the pharmacy."


d. "I should call the doctor about increased bladder pain or odorous urine." - Ans:✔✔-ANS: B


High-potency multiple vitamins may irritate the bladder and increase symptoms. The other patient

statements indicate good understanding of the teaching.


When admitting a patient with acute glomerulonephritis, it is most important that the nurse ask the

patient about


a. recent sore throat and fever.


b. history of high blood pressure.


c. frequency of bladder infections.


d. family history of kidney stones. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: A




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