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PCC Bi 234 Briggs Exam 1 Questions and Answers
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PCC Bi 234 Briggs Exam 1 Questions and Answers Contributions of van Leuwenhoek First to observe bacteria using homemade microscopes Contributions of Pasteur Yeasts are responsible for alcohol fermentation. Developed pasteurization 0:13 / 1:27 5 Sanity-Saving Tips for Arguing o...

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  • October 27, 2024
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PCC Bi 234 Briggs Exam 1 Questions
and Answers
Contributions of van Leuwenhoek - answer First to observe bacteria using
homemade microscopes

Contributions of Pasteur - answer Yeasts are responsible for alcohol fermentation.
Developed pasteurization

Contributions of Koch - answer Proved that bacterium causes anthrax. Came up with
Koch's Postulates.

Contributions of Semmelweis - answer Advocated handwashing in-between patient
contact

Contributions of Lister - answer Used chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical
wound infections.

Contributions of Jenner - answer Inoculated a person with cowpox virus. "Father" of
Immunization.

Contributions of Fleming - answer Discovered penicillin, the first antibiotic.

Discoveries of the Golden Age of Microbiology - answer Is spontaneous generation
possible? What causes disease and fermentation? How can we prevent
infection/disease?

Germ Theory of Infectious Disease - answer Germs cause disease.

Koch's Postulates - answer Series of steps for experimentation used to prove that a
specific microbe causes a specific disease.

Modern Classification of Life on Earth - answer Three domains: Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukarya. Naming system devised by Carolus Linnaeus.
First name is genus, last name is species. First name is italicized and capitalized,
except when used to describe morphology.

Bacteria - answer Prokaryote. Unicellular. Asexual Reproduction. Cell wall of
peptidoglycan. Few cause disease.

Archaea - answer Prokaryote. Unicellular. Asexual Reproduction. Cell wall not of
peptidoglycan. Live in extreme environments. None cause disease.

, Fungi - answer Eukaryote. Molds, (Multicellular), Yeasts (Unicellular).
Sexual/Asexual Reproduction. Cell wall of chitin. Obtain food from organisms. Some
cause disease.

Protozoa - answer Eukaryote. Unicellular. Mostly Asexual Reproduction. No Cell
Wall. Motile via pseudopods, cilia, flagella. Some cause disease.

Algae - answer Eukaryote. Uni/Multi Cellular. Sexual/Asexual Reproduction. Cell wall
of cellulose, or silica. Photosynthetic. Some cause disease.

Viruses - answer Acellular (Non-Living). Nucleic acid enclosed within a protein coat.
Multiply only within a host cell.

Animals - answer Eukaryote. Multicellular. No cell walls. Use organic chemicals for
energy (feed on others). Some cause disease (parasitic worms).

Overview of Prokaryote - answer Do not have membrane surrounding their DNA
(lack a nucleus). Lack membrane bound structures. Small. Simple structure. Composed
of bacteria, and archaea.

Overview of Eukaryote - answer Has a nucleus, and membrane bound organelles.
Large. More complex structure. Composed of algae, protozoa, fungi, animals, plants.

Prokaryotic Cells: Glycocalyx - answer Gelatinous, sticky substance outside of cell
wall. Composed of polysaccharides. Protects cells from drying out (dessication). Two
types: Capsule, Slime Layers.

Capsule - answer Neatly organized. Firmly attached to cell surface. Prevents
phagocytosis (prevents recognition by host).

Slime Layer - answer Less organized. Loosely attached to cell surface. Sticky layer
allows other prokaryotes to attach to surfaces, as biofilms.

Flagella - answer Responsible for movement. Not present on all prokaryotes. May
have one, few, or many. Rotation propels bacterium through aqueous environment.

Fimbriae - answer Sticky, bristle like projections (hairs). Adhere to one
another/environment, movement in some prokaryotes, biofilm formation.

Pili - answer Composed of pilin. Mediate the transfer of DNA from one cell to another
(conjugation).

Arrangements of Bacterial Flagella - answer Petricious: Flagella all over the place.
Polar, Monotrichous: One flagella. Polar, Amphitrichous: Two flagella, one on each side.
Lophotrichous: Several flagella coming out of one side.

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