Exam (elaborations)

Bio 181 Lab Final Exam Questions and Answers

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Course
Bio 181

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Bio 181

Bio 181 Lab Final Exam Questions and Answers What is a catalyst? - ANSWER-A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up What is an enzyme? - ANSWER-A biological molecule that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed, usually a protein....

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Uploaded on October 30, 2024
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bio 181 lab final exam questions and answers

Institution Bio 181
Course Bio 181

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©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024

Bio 181 Lab Final Exam Questions and

Answers

What is a catalyst? - ANSWER✔✔-A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without

being used up

What is an enzyme? - ANSWER✔✔-A biological molecule that increases the rate of a chemical reaction

without being consumed, usually a protein.

What is the activation energy? - ANSWER✔✔-The energy required to convert a substrate to a product

How do enzymes catalyze reactions? - ANSWER✔✔-By forming a substrate-enzyme complex. The

enzyme brings the substrates together and put stress to break the bonds. Enzymes create a micro-

environment or break bonds

What are 7 properties of enzymes? - ANSWER✔✔-Most are proteins.

Highly specific to - usually - one substrate.

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, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024

They form an enzyme-substrate complex:

E + S ↔ ES → P + E

They do not affect the direction of a reaction.

They lower the energy of activation of a reaction.

They are not consumed in the reaction.

They are often highly regulated.

How does an inhibitor work? - ANSWER✔✔-Prevents binding of the target molecule of the enzyme by

binding to the active site or another site

What are the 2 types of inhibitors? - ANSWER✔✔-Competitive and Noncompetitive

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, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024

What affects enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Substrate specificity, substrate/enzyme concentration,

pH and temperature

How does substrate specificity affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Substrate specificity is a term for

the fact that each enzyme generally converts only one specific substrate for one specific reaction. The

more specific a substrate is, the enzyme will want to react with that substrate

How does substrate/enzyme concentration affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-If there is too much

substrate compared to the enzyme, enzymatic activity will plateau

Increasing the amount of enzymes will increase the rate of enzymatic activity

How does pH affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Enzymes function in a certain pH, if the pH

changes more acidic or basic the enzyme's functional groups change. This changes the structure.

Extreme pH can denature enzymes by breaking the hydrogen bonds between them

How does temperature affect enzymatic activity? - ANSWER✔✔-Enzymes function in an optimal

temperature, if the temperature changes their function changes. Extreme high temperatures or cold

temperatures denature an enzymes. Some cold temperatures the enzyme can renature

How are enzymes regulated in the body? - ANSWER✔✔-Optimal temp: 35-40

Optimal pH: 6-8

Feedback inhibition regulates what enzymes are in use and if they are needed

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