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BIO 235 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
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BIO 235 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers Potassium: A. is more abundant outside the cell than inside the cell. B. moves into the cell during an action potential. C. is transported out of the neuron by the sodium-potassium pump. D. leaks out of the cell more than sodium...

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  • October 31, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bio 235 final exam
  • bio 235 final
  • bio 235

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BIO 235 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers

Potassium:


A. is more abundant outside the cell than inside the cell.
B. moves into the cell during an action potential.
C. is transported out of the neuron by the sodium-potassium pump.

D. leaks out of the cell more than sodium leaks into the cell. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔c.



salutary and continuous action potential conduction - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔conduction
occurs in myelinated axons. Nerve signals transmit much faster than in continuous
conduction because an action potential is generated only at the neurofibrils (segments of axon
without myelination) of myelinated axon rather than along the entire length of unmyelinated
axon.


EPSP - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Excitatory postsynaptic potential; a slight depolarization
of a postsynaptic cell, bringing the membrane potential of that cell closer to the threshold for
an action potential.


Spacial and temporal summation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔summation in axon hillock of
post synaptic potentials across the cell body, summation of potentials that reach the axon
hillock at different times, closer in time, more complete the summation


An action potential reaches the synaptic terminal of a presynaptic cell. How does this
message get transmitted to the postsynaptic cell? Please only describe what is happening at
the location where this message transfer occurs, but be sure to include all relevant chemicals
and parts of the cell involved. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔When an action potential reaches
the axon terminal it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated Na+ channels. Na+
ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane


In a cross section of the spinal chord the areas that are grey are
(a)___________________________ neurons and the areas that are white are called
_____________________ neurons - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The gray matter is made up

,of neuroglia cells and neuron cell bodies. The white matter is made up of neuron axons,
mostly but not all myelinated.


(Using the figure/graph) Which of the following is happening during the period indicated by
the number 2 on the graph?


A. There is no ion movement during this period.
B. chloride is entering the neuron through chemically-gated channels.
C. potassium is leaving the neuron through voltage-gated channels.
D. sodium is entering the neuron through voltage-gated channels. - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔sodium is entering the neuron through voltage-gated channels.


A strong stimulus coming into a dendrite of a multipolar neuron will cause a strong graded
potential to be generated.


True

False - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔true


Myelin Sheaths in the PNS:


a. Increases speed of action potentials
b. Protects and electrically insulates neurons from one another
c. All of the answers are correct
d. Concentric layers of Schwann cells membrane

e. None of the answers are correct - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔All of the above


Where would you find sodium-potassium pumps and leak channels on a neuron?


A. cell body only
B. synaptic terminal only
C. entire neuron cell membrane

, D. axon only

E. dendrites only - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A. cell body only


An IPSP:


A. is caused by a chemically-gated sodium channel opening.
B. hyperpolarizes the post-synaptic cell pushing it farther from threshold.
C. is a graded depolarization of the post-synaptic cell.
D. is an excitatory stimulus bringing the neuron closer to an action potential. - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔B. hyperpolarizes the post-synaptic cell pushing it farther from threshold


Are the first channels opened when -55mV is reached at the axon hillock. - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔Voltage-gated sodium channels


Cause the transmembrane potential to maintain a relatively stable state of -70mV. -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔


Cause a graded depolarization to occur on the cell body and dendrites. - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔


Cause the transmembrane potential to go from +30mV to about -90 mV. - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔


Cause synaptic vesicles to migrate to the cell membrane at the synaptic terminal. -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔calcium


produce myelination in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons.


A. Schwann cells
B. Satellite cells
C. Astrocytes Ependymal cells
D. Oligodendrocytes

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