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Intro to Sociology Unit -1 Study Guide@ JCCC Questions and Answers 100% Accurate
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Intro to Sociology Unit #1 Study Guide@JCCC
Conflict theory - answer A theoretical framework in which society is viewed, &
composed of groups competing for scarce resources (27)
superego - answer Freud’s term for the part of the personality that represents
internalized ideals and provide
symbolic interactionism - answerThe Idea that society is viewed and composed of
symbols that people use to establish meaning, & develop their views of the world (23)
Herbert Spencer, :
[Functionalism or functional analysis] - answer"Who?" Claims that society is viewed and
composed of various parts, each with function, that when fulfilled, contributes to
society's balance and social equilibrium to maintain stability.(26)
"Whose term" Id - answerFeud's term for characteristic or habit peculiar to an individual;
peculiar quality, quirk
Applied sociology - answerThe use of sociology to solve problems—from the micro level
of family relationships to the macro level of crime and pollution (21)
Karl Marx's term [Bourgeoisie] - answerHis term for capitalists, those who own the
means to produce wealth (10)
Proletariat - answerKarl Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do
not own the means of production (10)
Class conflict - answerMarx's term for the struggle between the proletariat [workers] and
the bourgeoisie [capitalist] (10)
Common sense - answerThose ideas in a society & the things that "everyone knows"
are true (6)
functional analysis/functionalism - answerIt is used to explain the workings of a system
in which society is viewed, each with a function, that contributes to society's equilibrium
(24)
generalization - answerA statement that goes beyond the individual case, and applied to
a broader group or situation (6)
, Significant others - answerAn individual who significantly influences our lives such as
parents or siblings. (68)
Moral holiday - answerSpecified times when people are allowed to break norms without
penalty, like behavior ordinarily not allowed: Marti Gras
Jane Adams - answerThe founder of Hull-House—a settlement house in the immigrant
community of Chicago, a leader of women's rights, & winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
(18)
George Mead, [taking the role of the other] - answerWe learn to put ourselves in
someone else's shoes; understanding how someone else feels & thinks to anticipate
how they will act (67)
Language - answerA system that symbols, gestures, a sound... that can be combined in
an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating thoughts (43)
Emile Durkheim - answerHe determined that social factors underlie suicide: People are
more likely to commit suicide if their ties to others in their communities are weak,
Protestants, males, unmarried. (10)
Personal values and research - answerThe standards by which people define what is
desirable or undesirable, good or bad, beautiful or ugly (45)
Max Weber term [Protestant ethic] - answerTo describe the ideal, moral life,
accomplished by hard work and frugality. people to save their money and invest it, in
order to make even more
Manifest functions - answerThe intended beneficial consequences of people's actions
(81)
Latent functions - answerUnintended beneficial consequences of peoples actions (81)
Is sociology common sense - answerNo, Sociology is the scientific study of human
behavior, social groups, and societies.
Culture - answerLanguage, beliefs, values, behaviors, and material objects that
characterize a group & are passed from one generation to the next (34)
Cultural relativity - answerNot judging a culture; what is strange in one culture would be
normal in another. (38)
Culture shock - answerA condition of disorientation affecting someone who is suddenly
exposed to an unfamiliar culture or way of life or set of attitudes (35)
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