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ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY/CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

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ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY/CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE What are the primary causes of chronic kidney disease? The primary causes of chronic kidney disease include diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease. ️️ How can weight management impact kidney health? Main...

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  • October 31, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • acute kidney injurychronic kidney disease

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  • ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY/CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
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ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY/CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE


What are the primary causes of chronic kidney disease?

The primary causes of chronic kidney disease include diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, and
polycystic kidney disease. ✔️✔️



How can weight management impact kidney health?

Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing diabetes and hypertension, which are
major risk factors for CKD. ✔️✔️



What is the function of aldosterone in kidney regulation?

Aldosterone helps regulate sodium and potassium balance in the body, influencing blood pressure and
fluid balance, which are important for kidney health. ✔️✔️



How does dehydration affect kidney function?

Dehydration reduces blood flow to the kidneys, which can impair their ability to filter waste and
maintain electrolyte balance, potentially leading to AKI. ✔️✔️



What is the role of renal ultrasonography in kidney disease assessment?

Renal ultrasonography helps visualize kidney structure and size, identify obstructions or cysts, and
assess overall kidney health. ✔️✔️



What dietary changes can benefit CKD patients regarding protein intake?

CKD patients may need to reduce protein intake to decrease the workload on the kidneys and minimize
the accumulation of waste products. ✔️✔️



What are the potential complications of untreated CKD?

Untreated CKD can lead to complications such as cardiovascular disease, anemia, bone disease, and end-
stage renal disease (ESRD). ✔️✔️

,How does metabolic syndrome increase the risk of CKD?

Metabolic syndrome, characterized by obesity, hypertension, high blood sugar, and abnormal
cholesterol levels, increases the risk of kidney damage and CKD. ✔️✔️



What is the significance of serum electrolytes in CKD management?

Monitoring serum electrolytes is crucial in CKD management to prevent imbalances that can lead to
serious health issues like heart arrhythmias. ✔️✔️



How does inflammation contribute to kidney disease progression?

Chronic inflammation can lead to further kidney damage, fibrosis, and a decline in function, accelerating
the progression of CKD. ✔️✔️



What is the role of kidney function tests in managing CKD?

Kidney function tests, including serum creatinine and eGFR, help assess kidney function, monitor disease
progression, and guide treatment decisions. ✔️✔️



How does alcohol consumption impact kidney health?

Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to dehydration, high blood pressure, and liver disease, all of
which can negatively affect kidney health. ✔️✔️



What lifestyle interventions can help manage diabetes and protect kidney function?

Lifestyle interventions such as a balanced diet, regular exercise, weight management, and medication
adherence can help manage diabetes and protect kidney function. ✔️✔️



What are the risks associated with long-term use of diuretics in CKD patients?

Long-term use of diuretics can lead to electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and potential worsening of
kidney function if not properly monitored. ✔️✔️



What is the significance of fluid balance in AKI management?

, Maintaining fluid balance is crucial in AKI management to prevent fluid overload, which can lead to
complications such as heart failure and pulmonary edema. ✔️✔️



How can patient engagement and education improve outcomes for CKD patients?

Patient engagement and education empower individuals to understand their condition, adhere to
treatment plans, and make informed lifestyle choices, leading to better health outcomes. ✔️✔️



What is the onset of Acute Kidney injury? ✔️✔️sudden (hours to days)



What is the onset for Chronic Kidney Disease? ✔️✔️Gradual, often over many years



What is the most common cause of Acute Kidney Injury? ✔️✔️acute tubular necrosis



What is the most common cause of Chronic Kidney Disease? ✔️✔️diabetic nephropathy



What is the diagnostic criteria for Acute Kidney Injury? ✔️✔️Acute reduction in urine output

Elevation in serum creatinine (0.9-1.3= normal)



What is the diagnostic criteria for Chronic Kidney Injury? ✔️✔️GFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 for >3 months

Kidney damage more than 3 months



What is the primary cause of death with Acute Kidney injury? ✔️✔️Infection



What is the primary cause of death for Chronic Kidney Disease? ✔️✔️Cardiovascular disease



What are the risk factors for Acute Kidney Injury?ds ✔️✔️Major trauma or surgery

Medications-contrast dye

Hypotension

History of renal insufficiency

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