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NSCI 421 Test 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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NSCI 421 Test 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025 how is movement controlled - ANSWERS-motor neurons -central pattern generators -sensory feedback -mesencephalic locomotor region brainstem nuclei - ANSWERS-contains the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) local circuit neurons - ANSWERSc...

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  • November 2, 2024
  • 13
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nsci 421 test 2 questions answers

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  • NSCI 421
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NSCI 421 Test 2 Questions & Answers
2024/2025

how is movement controlled - ANSWERS-motor neurons

-central pattern generators

-sensory feedback

-mesencephalic locomotor region



brainstem nuclei - ANSWERS-contains the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR)



local circuit neurons - ANSWERScontains the spinal cord interneurons and CPGs



motor neurons - ANSWERSthey are the final common pathway for movement



What does the BG and cerebellum not do? - ANSWERSthey do not contact lower motor neurons and
they do not send projections to the spinal cord



How do the BG and cerebellum influence movement? - ANSWERS-via the continuous loops through the
thalamus

-direct projections to the motor control nuclei in the MLR



alpha motor neuron - ANSWERSinnervates skeletal muscle fibers (large)



gamma motor neuron - ANSWERSinnervates muscle spindles (smaller)



medial motor neurons - ANSWERSinnervate trunk muscles



lateral motor neurons - ANSWERSregulate the limb muscles

, motor pool - ANSWERSall motor neurons innervating a single muscle



motor unit - ANSWERSa single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates

**each muscle fiber within this has the same physiological and metabolic properties**



small motor neurons - ANSWERScontract slowly, small amount of force and force is maintained



large motor neurons - ANSWERSfibers contract rapidly with large amount of force and force is
maintained only briefly



alpha motor neuron inputs - ANSWERS-local circuit interneurons in the spinal cord

-monosynaptic and polysynaptic input from sensory afferents

-monosynaptic and polysynaptic input from upper motor neurons

**are the final common pathway for movement**



ipsilateral - ANSWERSspinal interneurons can project axons to the same side of the spinal neurons



contralateral - ANSWERSspinal interneurons can project axons to the opposite side of the spinal cord



intrafusal fibers - ANSWERSare arranged in parallel with extrafusal fibers



spindle afferents - ANSWERSa group of 1a sensory axons, are arranged around the central part of the
spindle



gamma motor neurons (muscle) - ANSWERSinnervate intrafusal fibers and control sensitivity of the
spindle



muscle spindle schematic - ANSWERS

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