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Research Methods in Psychology (329) Training Exam Questions And All Correct Answers.
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Psychology - Answer is based on scientific research Empirical Research - Answer Collecting data systematically and using it to develop, supports or challenge a theory (not just thinking intuitively) Empirical vs. Review Articles - Answer should be using empirical for final paper R...

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  • November 3, 2024
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • empirical research

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  • PSYC 329
  • PSYC 329

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Research Methods in Psychology (329)
Training Exam Questions And All
Correct Answers.
Psychology - Answer is based on scientific research



Empirical Research - Answer Collecting data systematically and using it to develop, supports or
challenge a theory (not just thinking intuitively)



Empirical vs. Review Articles - Answer should be using empirical for final paper



Research producer vs. consumer - Answer planning studies vs. critically evaluating other's research and
findings

most psychologists engage in both roles



Research Consumers - Answer Reading about research to apply/use the findings

why important (small groups)

-for coursework in psych

-when reading/watching printed or online news stories based on research (daily life, hobbies, personal
growth)

-For future careers (clinical psych, teachers, guidance counselors, entrepreneurs)



evidence based treatments - Answer therapies that are supported by research



Empiricism (the empirical method/research) - Answer using evidence form the senses (sight, hearing,
touch) or from instruments that assist the senses (thermometers, timers, photographs, scales,
questionnaires) as the basis for conclusions



Scientists test theories (the theory data cycle) - Answer theory: set of statements that describes
general principles about how variables relate to one another (ex/ sleep strengthens memory for
emotional experiences)

,Hypothesis: predications about the outcomes of your research based on theory

Data: set of observations (do data support or refute the hypotheses?) THE DATA SHOW



cupboard theory vs. contact theories to explain mother-infant attachment; Harry Harlow tested them -
Answer chose the tactile/comfortable mother over the one providing the food



DO NOT USE - Answer the word prove

or data as singular "the data show"



good scientific theories - Answer supported by data, are falsifiable (must lead to hypotheses that when
tested could fail to support the theory), ex of non falsifiable "some animals live forever"

have parsimony: simplest theory is the best provided all info is in use

do not prove anything (weight of evidence)



Basic vs. Applied research - Answer Basic: conducted to enhance knowledge about a topic (conducting
a study to investigate visual attention in 4-6 yr old children)



Applied: Conducted to solve practical problems; findings will be directly applied to finding a solution to a
real world problem (how to best teach children to read)



How do scientists share results of research in the scientific community? - Answer -conduct experiment

-submit article to a relevant journal

-editors will desk-reject it or send it to expert reviewers

-Based on reviewer comments you may receive (reject, revise & resubmit (major revisions), revise and
resubmit (minor revisions), accept (rare asf)

If you receive a revision the cycle continues



IDEAs - Answer do people with disorders such as anxiety use social media more than those without any
disorders (perhaps as a way of avoidance/cognitive model distortions)?



are psych majors less likely to give into group conformity in comparison to other majors?

, do people who spend more time on their phones/social media tend to be less or more generally satisfied
than those who use it less?



Do busier people (involved in more activities/clubs/work) tend to be more academically successful?



efficacy expectation: extent people believe they can bring about the outcome



are people who have a higher efficacy expectation more susceptible to succeed academically?



Check your sources - Answer empirical, peer reviewed journals



Sources of Info - Answer



problems with evaluating based on experience - Answer has no comparison group (control group)...in
research we must ask "compared to what?"

-placebo effect: an outcome not attributed to a specific treatment but rather the participants mindset
regarding the treatment they received ...nonconciously occurring



-emphasizes need to have well designated/controlled studies, keeping as much as you can the sam
between the conditions other than the variable you are testing



control group - Answer a group in an experiment whose level of the independent variable (and only
that) differs from the treatment in a deliberate way



problems with evaluating based on experience - Answer -experience is confounded

confound: alternative explanations for an outcome

CORRELATION VS CAUSATION ex/ice cream sales/drowning



research vs. intuition - Answer we trust our intuition but it is biased by faulty thinking

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