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Biological molecules - IGCSE Biology Exam Questions with Answers
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Biological molecules - IGCSE BiologyExam Questions with Answers
Elements that make up carbohydrates - Answer-Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Elements that make up lipids - Answer-Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Elements that make up protein - Answer-Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen
What is a substrate? - Answer-The molecule upon which an enzyme acts
Most common subunit of carbohydrates - Answer-Glucose
What are lipids made up of - Answer-Fatty Acids and Glycerol
What subunit are proteins made up of - Answer-Amino Acids
Disaccharide - Answer-A sugar formed when two simple sugar molecules
(monosaccharides) are joined by glycosidic linkage
Monosaccharide - Answer-The simplest form of a sugar molecule (i.e. glucose)
Enzyme - Answer-A biological catalyst in metabolic reactions
Catalyst - Answer-Something that speeds up reactions without being changed
themselves
Why are enzymes 'specific in their action'? - Answer-They can only break down certain
substrates down
How does the active site make enzymes specific in their action? - Answer-It has a
specific shape, that will only break a certain substrate down
Product - Answer-Smaller chains of molecules that have been broken up
Anabolic enzymes - Answer-Build up molecules
Catabolic enzymes - Answer-Break down molecules
What causes enzymes to denature? - Answer-Enzymes have a very specific shape.
High temperatures/ pHs above their optimum change the bonds between amino acids in
enzymes, changing their shape. This means that substrates will not fit the enzyme's
active site.
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