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Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Exam Questions with Complete Solutions
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Biological Molecules CarbohydratesExam Questions with Complete
Solutions
Essential molecules for organisms to function - Answer-Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids,
nucleic acids, water
Monomers - Answer-Single repeated unit that makes up a polymer
Polymers - Answer-Long chains of many monomers
triglyceride monomers - Answer-3 fatty acids and glycerol
DNA monomers - Answer-nucleotides
Organic - Answer-Contains carbon
Inorganic - Answer-Does not contain carbon
Polypeptide monomers - Answer-amino acids
Polysaccharide monomers - Answer-monosaccharides
Are carbohydrates hydrophilic or hydrophobic? - Answer-hydrophilic
Are carbohydrates organic? - Answer-Yes
Are proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids organic? - Answer-Yes
Each carbon atom forming four covalent bonds makes compounds very - Answer-Stable
Why does each carbon atom forming four covalent bonds make compounds very
stable? - Answer-Covalent bonds are strong so they require a large energy input to
break them
What other atoms can carbon atoms form covalent bonds with? - Answer-Oxygen,
nitrogen and sulphur
What shapes can Carbon molecules take? - Answer-Chains, Double Bonds, Branches,
and Rings
, Macromolecules - Answer-Large molecules containing 1000 or more atoms therefore
having a high molecular mass. Polymers can be macromolecules however not all
macromolecules are polymers
What elements do all carbohydrate molecules contain? - Answer-C, H, O
Carbohydrates formula - Answer-Cx(H2O)y
What ratio are H and O atoms found in carbohydrates - Answer-2:1
What are the three types of carbohydrates? - Answer-monosaccharides, disaccharides,
polysaccharides
Monosaccharide - Answer-Single sugar monomer, all are reducing sugars
Disaccharide - Answer-Sugar formed from two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic
bond formed in a condensation reaction
Polysaccharide - Answer-Polymer of many monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic
bond in a condensation reaction
Monosaccharides examples - Answer-glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharides examples - Answer-sucrose, lactose, maltose
Polysaccharides examples - Answer-starch, glycogen, cellulose
Monosaccharides function - Answer-Source of energy in respiration, building blocks for
polymers
Disaccharides function - Answer-Sugar found in germinating seeds (maltose), mammal
milk sugar (lactose), sugar stored in sugar cane (sucrose)
Polysaccharides function - Answer-Energy storage (plants- starch- and animals-
glycogen), structural (cell wall- cellulose)
Covalent bond - Answer-Sharing of two or more electrons between atoms. The
electrons can be shared equally resulting in non-polar covalent bond or unequally
resulting in a polar bond.
What happens when electrons are shared unequally? - Answer-One atom can be more
electronegative
Are covalent bonds strong or weak? - Answer-Strong
Can multiple pairs of electrons be shared in covalent bonds? - Answer-Yes
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