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Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Latest Update
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Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Latest Update
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Chapter 5 The Structure and Function ofLarge Biological Molecules Latest
Update
What are the classes of the large molecules that all living things fall into? - Answer-1.
Carbohydrates
2. proteins
3. nucleic acids
5. lipids
macromolecule - Answer-giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules,
usually by a dehydration reaction.
Ex: polysaccharides
Polymer - Answer-long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers
linked by covalent bonds.
Monomer - Answer-subunits that serve as the building blocks of proteins and nucleic
acids of a polymer.
What type of reaction connects monomers? - Answer-Dehydration reaction. each
monomer contributes part of the h20 molecule that is released during the reaction. one
monomer provides hydroxyl while the other produces hydrogen
Polymers are converted to monomers in what type of reaction? - Answer-Hydrolysis.
reverse of dehydration reaction. break using h20. bond broken by addition of h20
molecule
Root word "Hydro" - Answer-water
Root word "lysis" - Answer-break
Is glucose a monomer or a polymer? - Answer-MONOMER
When two monomers are joined, a molecule of WHAT is always removed? - Answer-
Water
What are the monomers of all carbohydrates? - Answer-monosaccharides
What is the formula of a hexose sugar? - Answer-C6H1206
1:2:1 RATIO
, What is the difference between aldehyde sugar and ketone sugar? - Answer-Location of
the carbonyl group.
Aldehyde on end, ketone in middle of carbon chain
glucose: aldehyde
fructose: ketose
Which two monosaccharides form maltose? - Answer-two molecules of glucose
maltose=example of disaccharide
Which two monosaccharides form plants? - Answer-carbohydrates and sucrose
plants=example of disaccharide
Which two monosaccharides form sucrose? - Answer-glucose and fructose
sucrose=example of disaccharide
Which two monosaccharides form lactose? - Answer-glucose and galactose molecule
lactose=example of disaccharide
Glycosidic linkage - Answer-covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a
dehydration reaction
What are the two types of polysaccharide? - Answer-starch and glycogen
Examples of starch - Answer-represents stored energy. glucose, amylose, amylopetch
Examples of glycogen - Answer-similar to amylopectin but more etesnively branched
Why can humans not digest cellulose? What organisms can? - Answer-Enzymes cannot
digest Beta sheet becuase of shape.
Cows and termites
cellulose - Answer-has 1-4 B glucose linkages
composes plant cells
Glycogen - Answer-is a storage polysaccharide procued by vertebrates that is stored in
your liver
glucose - Answer-two monomers of this form maltose
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